types:
wakefulness
a periodic state during which you are conscious and aware of the world
incompatibility
(immunology) the degree to which the body's immune system will try to reject foreign material (as transfused blood or transplanted tissue)
acathexia
an inability to retain bodily secretions
torpidity,
torpor
a state of motor and mental inactivity with a partial suspension of sensibility
agalactia,
agalactosis
a condition in which milk is not secreted in the mother's breasts after her child has been delivered
arousal
a state of heightened physiological activity
sleep,
slumber
a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended
drive
a physiological state corresponding to a strong need or desire
elastosis
breakdown of elastic tissue (as the loss of elasticity in the skin of elderly people that results from degeneration of connective tissue)
estrus,
heat,
oestrus,
rut
applies to nonhuman mammals: a state or period of heightened sexual arousal and activity
hypercapnia,
hypercarbia
the physical condition of having the presence of an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the circulating blood
acapnia,
hypocapnia
a state in which the level of carbon dioxide in the blood is lower than normal; can result from deep or rapid breathing
asphyxia
a condition in which insufficient or no oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged on a ventilatory basis; caused by choking or drowning or electric shock or poison gas
oxygen debt
a cumulative deficit of oxygen resulting from intense exercise; the deficit must be made up when the body returns to rest
hyperthermia,
hyperthermy
abnormally high body temperature; sometimes induced (as in treating some forms of cancer)
muscularity
the physiological state of having or consisting of muscle
infertility,
sterility
the state of being unable to produce offspring; in a woman it is an inability to conceive; in a man it is an inability to impregnate
gestation,
maternity,
pregnancy
the state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth when a woman carries a developing fetus in her uterus
rigor mortis
temporary stiffness of joints and muscular rigidity occurring after death
potence,
potency
the state of being potent; a male's capacity to have sexual intercourse
disorder,
upset
a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning
suspended animation
a temporary cessation of vital functions with loss of consciousness resembling death; usually resulting from asphyxia
cryptobiosis
a state in which an animal's metabolic activities come to a reversible standstill
emmetropia
(ophthalmology) the normal refractive condition of the eye in which there is clear focus of light on the retina
sedation
a state of reduced excitement or anxiety that is induced by the administrative of a sedative agent
amyxia
a condition in which no mucus in produced
cold sweat
the physical condition of concurrent perspiration and chill; associated with fear
abnormalcy,
abnormality
an abnormal physical condition resulting from defective genes or developmental deficiencies
blockage,
obstruction
the physical condition of blocking or filling a passage with an obstruction
analgesia
absence of the sense of pain without loss of consciousness
vigil
a period of sleeplessness
histoincompatibility
incompatibility in which one person's tissue cannot be transplanted to another person
Rh incompatibility
incompatibility of Rh blood types; a transfusion of Rh-positive blood given to a Rh-negative person (or vice versa) can result in hemolysis and anemia
hibernation
the torpid or resting state in which some animals pass the winter
acardia
congenital absence of the heart (as in the development of some monsters)
acorea
absence of the pupil in an eye
acromphalus
abnormal protrusion of the navel; sometimes the start of umbilical hernia
amastia
absence of the mammary glands (either through surgery or developmental defect)
aneuploidy
an abnormality involving a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number (one chromosome set is incomplete)
regional anaesthesia,
regional anesthesia
loss of sensation in a region of the body produced by application of an anesthetic agent to all the nerves supplying that region (as when an epidural anesthetic is administered to the pelvic region during childbirth)
sexual arousal
the arousal of sexual desires in preparation for sexual behavior
diestrum,
diestrus
(of animals having several estrous cycles in one breeding season) a state or interval of sexual inactivity or quiescence between periods of activity
desire
something that is desired
hunger,
hungriness
a physiological need for food; the consequence of food deprivation
sex drive
a physiological need for sexual activity
hypoxia
oxygen deficiency causing a very strong drive to correct the deficiency
barrenness
the state (usually of a woman) of having no children or being unable to have children
cacogenesis
inability to produce hybrids that are both viable and fertile
gravida
the number of the pregnancy that a woman is in
para,
parity
(obstetrics) the number of liveborn children a woman has delivered
placenta previa
pregnancy in which the placenta is implanted in the lower part of the uterus (instead of the upper part); can cause bleeding late in pregnancy; delivery by cesarean section may be necessary
atresia
an abnormal condition in which a normal opening or tube in the body (as the urethra) is closed or absent
radiance
an attractive combination of good health and happiness
functional disorder
disorder showing symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified
organic disorder
disorder caused by a detectable physiological or structural change in an organ
abocclusion
the condition in which the upper teeth do not touch the lower teeth when biting
abruptio placentae
a disorder of pregnancy in which the placenta prematurely separates from the wall of the uterus
achlorhydria
an abnormal deficiency or absence of free hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice; often associated with severe anemias and cancer of the stomach
acholia,
cholestasis
a condition in which little or no bile is secreted or the flow of bile into the digestive tract is obstructed
acute brain disorder,
acute organic brain syndrome
any disorder (as sudden confusion or disorientation) in an otherwise normal person that is due to reversible (temporary) impairment of brain tissues (as by head injuries or drugs or infection)
ailment,
complaint,
ill
an often persistent bodily disorder or disease; a cause for complaining
celiac disease
a disorder in children and adults; inability to tolerate wheat protein (gluten); symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciation; often accompanied by lactose intolerance
cheilosis,
perleche
a disorder of the lips marked by scaling and fissures at the corners of the mouth; caused by a deficiency of riboflavin
choking
a condition caused by blocking the airways to the lungs (as with food or swelling of the larynx)
colpoxerosis
a condition in which the vagina is unusually dry
dysaphia
a disorder in the sense of touch
dysphagia
condition in which swallowing is difficult or painful
dysuria
painful or difficult urination
failure
loss of ability to function normally
fantods
an ill-defined state of irritability and distress
hyperactivity
a condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement
impaction
a disorder in which feces are impacted in the lower colon
malocclusion
(dentistry) a condition in which the opposing teeth do not mesh normally
anabiosis
suspended animation in organisms during periods of extreme drought from which they revive when moisture returns
tympanites
distension of the abdomen that is caused by the accumulation of gas in the intestines or the peritoneal cavity
deviated septum
abnormal displacement of any wall that separates two chambers (usually in the nasal cavity)
dextrocardia
abnormal condition where the heart is located toward the right side of the chest
ectrodactyly
congenital abnormality involving the absence of some fingers or toes
erethism
an abnormally high degree of irritability or sensitivity to stimulation of an organ or body part
fetal distress,
foetal distress
an abnormal condition of a fetus; usually discovered during pregnancy and characterized by an abnormal heart rhythm
inversion
abnormal condition in which an organ is turned inward or inside out (as when the upper part of the uterus is pulled into the cervical canal after childbirth)
pneumothorax
abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung; may be spontaneous (due to injury to the chest) or induced (as a treatment for tuberculosis)
albinism
the congenital absence of pigmentation in the eyes and skin and hair
hydramnios
an abnormality of pregnancy; accumulation of excess amniotic fluid
hydrocele
disorder in which serous fluid accumulates in a body sac (especially in the scrotum)
hypervitaminosis
an abnormal condition resulting from taking vitamins excessively; can be serious for vitamins A or D or K
hypospadias
an abnormal condition in males in which the urethra opens on the under surface of the penis
lagophthalmos
abnormal condition in which an eye cannot close completely
nanophthalmos
condition in which both eyes are abnormally small but otherwise normal
strangulation
the condition of having respiration stopped by compression of the air passage
palmature
an abnormality in which the fingers are webbed
dysplasia
abnormal development (of organs or cells) or an abnormal structure resulting from such growth
psilosis,
sprue,
tropical sprue
a chronic disorder that occurs in tropical and non-tropical forms and in both children and adults; nutrients are not absorbed; symptoms include foul-smelling diarrhea and emaciation
hydrocephalus,
hydrocephaly
an abnormal condition in which cerebrospinal fluid collects in the ventricles of the brain; in infants it can cause abnormally rapid growth of the head and bulging fontanelles and a small face; in adults the symptoms are primarily neurological
abrachia
the condition of having no arms
progeria
a rare abnormality marked by premature aging (grey hair and wrinkled skin and stooped posture) in a child
cyclopia
a developmental abnormality in which there is only one eye
subnormality
the state of being less than normal (especially with respect to intelligence)
gynecomastia
excessive development of the breasts in males; usually the result of hormonal imbalance or treatment with certain drugs (including some antihypertensives)
infantilism
an abnormal condition in which an older child or adult retains infantile characteristics
ileus,
intestinal obstruction
blockage of the intestine (especially the ileum) that prevents the contents of the intestine from passing to the lower bowel
tamponade,
tamponage
blockage or closure (as of a wound or body cavity) by (or as if by) a tampon (especially to stop bleeding)
phimosis
an abnormal tightness of the foreskin preventing retraction over the glans
alkali poisoning
poisoning resulting from the ingestion of an alkali compound (as lye or ammonia)
cyanide poisoning
poisoning due to ingesting or inhaling cyanide; common in smoke from fires and in industrial chemicals
ergotism
poisoning by ingestion of ergot-infected grain products; characterized by thirst and diarrhea and nausea and cramping and vomiting and abnormal cardiac rhythms; in severe cases it can cause seizures and gangrene of the limbs
mercury poisoning
a toxic condition caused by ingesting or inhaling mercury; acute mercury poisoning causes a metallic taste and vomiting and diarrhea and kidney problems that may lead to death
nicotine poisoning
toxic condition caused by the ingestion or inhalation of large amounts of nicotine
paraquat poisoning
poisoning caused by ingestion of paraquat; characterized by progressive damage to the esophagus and liver and kidneys
irritation
(pathology) abnormal sensitivity to stimulation
condition,
shape
the state of (good) health (especially in the phrases `in condition' or `in shape' or `out of condition' or `out of shape')
sequela
any abnormality following or resulting from a disease or injury or treatment
torticollis,
wryneck
an unnatural condition in which the head leans to one side because the neck muscles on that side are contracted
varicocele
dilatation of the veins associated with the spermatic cord in the testes
varix
abnormally enlarged or twisted blood vessel or lymphatic vessel