types:
atmosphere
the envelope of gases surrounding any celestial body
Cl,
atomic number 17,
chlorine
a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)
F,
atomic number 9,
fluorine
a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens; usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or fluorapatite
H,
atomic number 1,
hydrogen
a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe
N,
atomic number 7,
nitrogen
a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues
O,
atomic number 8,
oxygen
a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust
butane
occurs in natural gas; used in the manufacture of rubber and fuels
propane
colorless gas found in natural gas and petroleum; used as a fuel
afterdamp
a toxic mixture of gases (including carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide and nitrogen) after an explosion of firedamp in a mine
firedamp
a mixture of gases (mostly methane) that form in coal mines and become explosive when mixed with air
arsine
a poisonous colorless flammable gas used in organic synthesis and to dope transistors and as a poison gas in warfare
butene,
butylene
any of three isomeric hydrocarbons C4H8; all used in making synthetic rubbers
cyanogen
a colorless toxic gas with a pungent almond odor; has been used in chemical warfare
air
a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of
compressed gas
gas at a high pressure that can be used as a propellant
ethene,
ethylene
a flammable colorless gaseous alkene; obtained from petroleum and natural gas and used in manufacturing many other chemicals; sometimes used as an anesthetic
air gas,
producer gas
a gas made of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and nitrogen; made by passing air over hot coke
water gas
a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with small amounts of other gases; made by blowing steam over hot coke or coal
ideal gas,
perfect gas
a hypothetical gas with molecules of negligible size that exert no intermolecular forces
methane
a colorless, odorless gas used as a fuel
ozone
a colorless gas (O3) soluble in alkalis and cold water; a strong oxidizing agent; can be produced by electric discharge in oxygen or by the action of ultraviolet radiation on oxygen in the stratosphere (where it acts as a screen for ultraviolet radiation)
phosgene
a colorless poisonous gas that smells like new-mown hay; used in chemical warfare
phosphine
a colorless gas with a strong fishy smell; used as a pesticide
poison gas
a gas that is poisonous to breath or contact; used in chemical warfare
propene,
propylene
a flammable gas obtained by cracking petroleum; used in organic synthesis
mephitis
a poisonous or foul smelling gas emitted from the earth
sewer gas
foul-smelling gas that forms in sewers
sublimate
the product of vaporization of a solid
sulfur dioxide,
sulphur dioxide
a colorless toxic gas (SO2) that occurs in the gases from volcanoes; used in many manufacturing processes and present in industrial emissions; causes acid rain
sky
the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth
CFC,
chlorofluorocarbon
a fluorocarbon with chlorine; formerly used as a refrigerant and as a propellant in aerosol cans
CS gas,
chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile
a tear gas that is stronger than CN gas but wears off faster; can be deployed by grenades or cluster bombs; can cause skin burns and fatal pulmonary edema
tritium
a radioactive isotope of hydrogen; atoms of tritium have three times the mass of ordinary hydrogen atoms
Ar,
argon,
atomic number 18
a colorless and odorless inert gas; one of the six inert gases; comprises approximately 1% of the earth's atmosphere
He,
atomic number 2,
helium
a very light colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; the most difficult gas to liquefy; occurs in economically extractable amounts in certain natural gases (as those found in Texas and Kansas)
Ne,
atomic number 10,
neon
a colorless odorless gaseous element that give a red glow in a vacuum tube; one of the six inert gasses; occurs in the air in small amounts
azote
an obsolete name for nitrogen
LOX,
liquid oxygen
a bluish translucent magnetic liquid obtained by compressing gaseous oxygen and then cooling it below its boiling point; used as an oxidizer in rocket propellants
Rn,
atomic number 86,
radon
a radioactive gaseous element formed by the disintegration of radium; the heaviest of the inert gasses; occurs naturally (especially in areas over granite) and is considered a hazard to health
Xe,
atomic number 54,
xenon
a colorless odorless inert gaseous element occurring in the earth's atmosphere in trace amounts
CO2,
carbon dioxide,
carbonic acid gas
a heavy odorless colorless gas formed during respiration and by the decomposition of organic substances; absorbed from the air by plants in photosynthesis
breath
the air that is inhaled and exhaled in respiration
hot air
air that has been heated and tends to rise
TCE,
trichloroethane,
trichloroethylene
a heavy colorless highly toxic liquid used as a solvent to clean electronic components and for dry cleaning and as a fumigant; causes cancer and liver and lung damage
marsh gas
methane gas produced when vegetation decomposes in water
nerve agent,
nerve gas
a toxic gas that is inhaled or absorbed through the skin and has harmful effects on the nervous and respiratory system