types:
alloy,
metal
a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten
colloid
a mixture with properties between those of a solution and fine suspension
eutectic
a mixture of substances having a minimum melting point
solution
a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances; frequently (but not necessarily) a liquid solution
suspension
a mixture in which fine particles are suspended in a fluid where they are supported by buoyancy
freezing mixture
a mixture of substances (usually salt and ice) to obtain a temperature below the freezing point of water
Greek fire
a mixture used by Byzantine Greeks that was often shot at adversaries; catches fire when wetted
gummite
a gummy orange mixture of uranium oxides and silicates occurring naturally in the hydration and oxidation of pitchblende
matte
a mixture of sulfides that forms when sulfide metal ores are smelted
oxyacetylene
a mixture of oxygen and acetylene; used to create high temperatures for cutting or welding metals
plaster
a mixture of lime or gypsum with sand and water; hardens into a smooth solid; used to cover walls and ceilings
soda lime
a mixture of sodium and calcium hydroxides; absorbs liquids and gases
silver protein
a colloid preparation of protein (albumin or gelatin) and silver oxide; used in aqueous solution as an antibacterial agent
Vaseline
a trademarked brand of petroleum jelly
brine
a strong solution of salt and water used for pickling
slurry
a suspension of insoluble particles (as plaster of Paris or lime or clay etc.) usually in water
resuspension
a renewed suspension of insoluble particles after they have been precipitated
heavy metal
a metal of relatively high density (specific gravity greater than about 5) or of high relative atomic weight (especially one that is poisonous like mercury or lead)
emulsion
(chemistry) a colloid in which both phases are liquids
oreide,
oroide
alloy of copper and tin and zinc; used in imitation gold jewelry
paste
any mixture of a soft and malleable consistency
Alnico
trade name for an alloy used to make high-energy permanent magnets; contains aluminum and iron and nickel plus cobalt or copper or titanium
amalgam,
dental amalgam
an alloy of mercury with another metal (usually silver) used by dentists to fill cavities in teeth; except for iron and platinum all metals dissolve in mercury and chemists refer to the resulting mercury mixtures as amalgams
fusible metal
an alloy with a low melting point and used as solder and in safety plugs and sprinkler fuses
pewter
any of various alloys of tin with small amounts of other metals (especially lead)
pinchbeck
an alloy of copper and zinc that is used in cheap jewelry to imitate gold
pot metal
an alloy of copper and lead used especially for making large pots
solder
an alloy (usually of lead and tin) used when melted to join two metal surfaces
white gold
a pale alloy of gold usually with platinum or nickel or palladium
type metal
an alloy of tin and lead and antimony used to make printing type
Babbitt metal,
babbitt
an alloy of tin with some copper and antimony; a lining for bearings that reduces friction
ambrosia,
beebread
a mixture of nectar and pollen prepared by worker bees and fed to larvae
bleach liquor
a solution containing bleaching agents that is used to bleach textiles or paper pulp
Carboloy
an alloy based on tungsten with cobalt or nickel as a binder; used in making metal-cutting tools
collodion
a colorless syrupy solution of pyroxylin in ether and alcohol; used as a coating for wounds or photographic films
steel
an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range
cheoplastic metal
any alloy that fuses at low temperatures and can be used molding artificial teeth
chlorine water
an aqueous solution of chlorine used as a bleaching agent
compost
a mixture of decaying vegetation and manure; used as a fertilizer
conjugate,
conjugate solution
a mixture of two partially miscible liquids A and B produces two conjugate solutions: one of A in B and another of B in A
eluate
a liquid solution that results from elution
Fehling's solution
a liquid solution of copper sulfate and potassium tartrate and sodium hydroxide that is used to test for sugar in the urine; solution turns reddish when sugar is present
formalin,
formol
a 10% solution of formaldehyde in water; used as a disinfectant or to preserve biological specimens
gargle,
mouthwash
a medicated solution used for gargling and rinsing the mouth
extract,
infusion
a solution obtained by steeping or soaking a substance (usually in water)
grout
a thin mortar that can be poured and used to fill cracks in masonry or brickwork
Inconel
a nickel-base alloy with chromium and iron; used in gas-turbine blades
Invar
an alloy of iron and nickel having a low coefficient of thermal expansion; used in tuning forks and measuring tapes and other instruments
liquid bleach
a solution containing bleaching agents; used for laundry
mash
a mixture of mashed malt grains and hot water; used in brewing
pearlite
a lamellar mixture of cementite and ferrite formed during the cooling of austenite; a constituent of steel and cast iron
pyrophoric alloy
an alloy that emits sparks when struck or scratched with steel; used in lighter flints
roughcast
a coarse plaster for the surface of external walls
sap
a watery solution of sugars, salts, and minerals that circulates through the vascular system of a plant
shot metal
an alloy that is 98% lead and 2% arsenic; used in making small shot
silica gel
a porous form of silica that is highly absorbent
soup
any composition having a consistency suggestive of soup
spackle,
spackling compound
powder (containing gypsum plaster and glue) that when mixed with water forms a plastic paste used to fill cracks and holes in plaster
primary solid solution,
solid solution
a homogeneous solid that can exist over a range of component chemicals; a constituent of alloys that is formed when atoms of an element are incorporated into the crystals of a metal
Gram's solution
a solution used in staining bacteria by Gram's method; consists of one part iodine and two parts potassium iodide and 300 parts water
vapor,
vapour
a visible suspension in the air of particles of some substance
Stellite
a very hard alloy of cobalt and chromium with cobalt as the principal ingredient; used to make cutting tools and for surfaces subject to heavy wear
stucco
a plaster now made mostly from Portland cement and sand and lime; applied while soft to cover exterior walls or surfaces
tambac,
tombac,
tombak
an alloy of copper and zinc (and sometimes arsenic) used to imitate gold in cheap jewelry and for gilding
toner
a solution containing chemicals that can change the color of a photographic print
Wood's alloy,
Wood's metal
a fusible alloy that is half bismuth plus lead, tin, and cadmium; melts at about 160 degrees Fahrenheit