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Commonly Confused Words, Grades 11–12: List 5

Learn the correct meanings and usages of these commonly confused words for eleventh- and twelfth-grade students.
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Full list of words from this list:

  1. extant
    still in existence; not extinct or destroyed or lost
    He instantly recognized that the bones did not belong to any extant species and hence must be very old. 1491
    To see more usage examples of "extant" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "extant" and "extent," click here.
  2. extent
    the point or degree to which something extends
    For the first time since the start of the fire, the light of day allowed everyone to see and feel the true extent of damage. The Great Fire
    To see more usage examples of "extent" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "extant" and "extent," click here.
  3. factious
    dissenting with the majority opinion
    Elegantly shot and edited, the movie closely tracks the new factory’s growing pains, which turn increasingly factious as the company’s management practices clash with the expectations of American workers accustomed to hard-won labor rights. New York Times
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    To learn more about the commonly confused words "factious" and "fractious," click here.
  4. fractious
    easily irritated or annoyed
    It’s full of rage, a fractious child screaming, “I hate you” at a parent. Educated
    To see more usage examples of "fractious" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "factious" and "fractious," click here.
  5. fortunate
    having unexpected good luck
    But she nonetheless felt “very, very fortunate” to have lucked into a job that paid her three times her salary as a teacher. Hidden Figures
    To see more usage examples of "fortunate" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "fortunate" and "fortuitous," click here.
  6. fortuitous
    lucky; occurring by happy chance
    The fact that the big Oscar nominations reveal fell right in the middle of the Paris couture shows was a coincidence, but a fortuitous one. New York Times
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    To learn more about the commonly confused words "fortunate" and "fortuitous," click here.
  7. gambit
    a strategic maneuver
    America's nuclear gambit had kept Stalin in check, but the crisis in Berlin underscored the need to anticipate the USSR's next move. Spies: The Secret Showdown Between America and Russia
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    To learn more about the commonly confused words "gambit" and "gamut," click here.
  8. gamut
    a complete extent or range
    “Our participants really run the gamut from professional writers to people who write cookbooks to people who just keep a diary.” Washington Post
    To see more usage examples of "gamut" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "gambit" and "gamut," click here.
  9. gibe
    an aggressive remark directed at a person like a missile
    There’s a carefree attitude to his comedy, a sense that even when faced with the most difficult or prejudiced situation, he can escape with a quick gibe. New York Times
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    To learn more about the commonly confused words "gibe" and "jibe," click here.
  10. jibe
    be compatible, similar, or consistent
    Because he possessed what seemed to be an unusually reliable memory, I was particularly interested to hear how his version of the events jibed with my own. Into Thin Air
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    To learn more about the commonly confused words "gibe" and "jibe," click here.
  11. expedient
    appropriate to a purpose
    Once again, two paths had opened before me, and I could take the expedient one, or the one that required courage. The Shakespeare Stealer
    To see more usage examples of "expedient" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "expedient" and "expeditious," click here.
  12. expeditious
    marked by speed and efficiency
    Furthermore, the 21st century is an expeditious time, with new and rapid technological advances in medicine, space engineering, and other fields. Washington Post
    To see more usage examples of "expeditious" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "expedient" and "expeditious," click here.
  13. indeterminate
    not fixed or known in advance
    If you don’t specify a predicted event precisely, there are an indeterminate number of ways for an event of that general kind to take place. Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences
    To see more usage examples of "indeterminate" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "indeterminate" and "indeterminable," click here.
  14. indeterminable
    impossible to settle or decide with finality
    Out of eight eggs laid at the Oregon Zoo’s Jonsson Center for Wildlife Conservation this spring, one was infertile, one embryo died in the egg and two chicks died of indeterminable causes. Scientific American
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    To learn more about the commonly confused words "indeterminate" and "indeterminable," click here.
  15. indict
    accuse formally of a crime
    As expected, on January 24, 1873, a grand jury indicted Anthony for “knowingly, wrongfully, and unlawfully” voting. Votes for Women!
    To see more usage examples of "indict" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "indict" and "indite," click here.
  16. indite
    produce a literary work
    In the same letter, she also says: "Pray excuse my bad writing and inditing, for all tell me I am too old to write letters." Benjamin Franklin, Self-Revealed, Volume 1
    To see more usage examples of "indite" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "indict" and "indite," click here.
  17. inflammable
    easily ignited
    He sprinkled the pages with cider to make them more inflammable, touched a match to them, and a little jet of flame curled upward. A Separate Peace
    To see more usage examples of "inflammable" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "inflammable" and "inflammatory," click here.
  18. inflammatory
    inciting action or rebellion
    Then President Snow, trying to use me to put out the flames of rebellion, only to have my every move become inflammatory. Mockingjay
    To see more usage examples of "inflammatory" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "inflammable" and "inflammatory," click here.
  19. ingenious
    showing inventiveness and skill
    Next, she rigged up an equally ingenious system whereby I could switch on the light whenever I entered a room at night. The Witches
    To see more usage examples of "ingenious" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "ingenious" and "ingenuous," click here.
  20. ingenuous
    lacking in sophistication or worldliness
    Uncomplicated, brightly colored and almost childlike in style, the animations lend ingenuous sweetness to a difficult situation. Los Angeles Times
    To see more usage examples of "ingenuous" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "ingenious" and "ingenuous," click here.
  21. predominate
    appear very large or occupy a commanding position
    Gradually, however, like Jekyll and Hyde, one personality began to predominate. Kaffir Boy: An Autobiography
    To see more usage examples of "predominate" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "predominate" and "predominant," click here.
  22. predominant
    most frequent or common
    Over the past 13,000 years the predominant trend in human society has been the replacement of smaller, less complex units by larger, more complex ones. Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies
    To see more usage examples of "predominant" click here.
    To learn more about the commonly confused words "predominate" and "predominant," click here.
Created on Wed Jan 03 17:54:56 EST 2024 (updated Mon Mar 04 09:36:40 EST 2024)

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