SKIP TO CONTENT

Civil Disobedience: "I heartily accept the motto"—"bury him decently"

Originally published as "On the Duty of Disobedience" and based on an 1848 lecture, Thoreau's work is a civil libertarian classic. Questioning the authority of all governments, Thoreau especially challenges both the right of the state to tax him and the morality of a government that allows slavery. Read the full text here.

Here are links to our lists for the essay: List 1, List 2
15 words 1722 learners

Learn words with Flashcards and other activities

Full list of words from this list:

  1. expedient
    a means to an end
    Government is at best but an expedient; but most governments are usually, and all governments are sometimes, inexpedient.
  2. vitality
    the property of being able to survive and grow
    It has not the vitality and force of a single living man; for a single man can bend it to his will.
  3. alacrity
    liveliness and eagerness
    Yet this government never of itself furthered any enterprise, but by the alacrity with which it got out of its way.
  4. inherent
    existing as an essential constituent or characteristic
    The character inherent in the American people has done all that has been accomplished; and it would have done somewhat more, if the government had not sometimes got in its way.
  5. whit
    a tiny or scarcely detectable amount
    Law never made men a whit more just; and, by means of their respect for it, even the well-disposed are daily made the agents on injustice.
  6. unscrupulous
    without principles
    Men at all? or small movable forts and magazines, at the service of some unscrupulous man in power?
  7. reminiscence
    a mental impression retained and recalled from the past
    Visit the Navy Yard, and behold a marine, such a man as an American government can make, or such as it can make a man with its black arts — a mere shadow and reminiscence of humanity, a man laid out alive and standing, and already, as one may say, buried under arms with funeral accompaniment...
  8. tyranny
    government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator
    All men recognize the right of revolution; that is, the right to refuse allegiance to, and to resist, the government, when its tyranny or its inefficiency are great and unendurable.
  9. ado
    a great deal of fuss, concern, or commotion
    If one were to tell me that this was a bad government because it taxed certain foreign commodities brought to its ports, it is most probable that I should not make an ado about it, for I can do without them.
  10. submission
    the act of surrendering power to another
    Paley, a common authority with many on moral questions, in his chapter on the "Duty of Submission to Civil Government," resolves all civil obligation into expediency; and he proceeds to say that "so long as the interest of the whole society requires it, that is, so long as the established government cannot be resisted or changed without public inconvenience, it is the will of God...that the established government be obeyed — and no longer.
  11. abolition
    doing away with a system or practice or institution
    When the majority shall at length vote for the abolition of slavery, it will be because they are indifferent to slavery, or because there is but little slavery left to be abolished by their vote.
  12. demagogue
    a leader who seeks support by appealing to popular passions
    He forthwith adopts one of the candidates thus selected as the only available one, thus proving that he is himself available for any purposes of the demagogue.
  13. unprincipled
    having little or no integrity
    His vote is of no more worth than that of any unprincipled foreigner or hireling native, who may have been bought.
  14. inducement
    a positive motivational influence
    Does not America offer any inducement for men to settle here?
  15. manifest
    clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment
    The American has dwindled into an Odd Fellow — one who may be known by the development of his organ of gregariousness, and a manifest lack of intellect and cheerful self-reliance; whose first and chief concern, on coming into the world, is to see that the almshouses are in good repair; and, before yet he has lawfully donned the virile garb, to collect a fund to the support of the widows and orphans that may be; who, in short, ventures to live only by the aid of the Mutual Insurance company...
Created on Tue May 12 11:26:41 EDT 2020 (updated Wed Jul 02 18:33:14 EDT 2025)

Sign up now (it’s free!)

Whether you’re a teacher or a learner, Vocabulary.com can put you or your class on the path to systematic vocabulary improvement.