Florida EOC Biology 1

Learn this list of 50 words taken from sample questions for the Biology 1 exam of the Florida EOC.
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Full list of words from this list:

words only definitions & notes
  1. ecologist
    a biologist who studies organisms and their environment
    A team of ecologists observed feeding patterns of several populations in the desert.
  2. ecosystem
    organisms interacting with their physical environment
    Which of the following best explains the difference in the amount of available energy in the trophic levels of the desert ecosystem?
  3. dense
    having high compaction or concentration
    There is less energy available in the producers because their tissues are less dense than those at higher trophic levels.
  4. organism
    a living thing that can act or function independently
    There is more available energy in the birds of prey because they have greater muscle mass for storing energy than organisms in lower trophic levels have.
  5. metabolism
    the organic processes that are necessary for life
    There is less available energy in the fourth trophic level because of the loss of energy through metabolism in each of the lower trophic levels.
  6. property
    a basic or essential attribute shared by members of a class
    Its special properties make water the single most important molecule in plant life.
  7. molecule
    the simplest structural unit of an element or compound
    Its special properties make water the single most important molecule in plant life.
  8. solvent
    capable of meeting financial obligations
    Which of the following properties of water enable it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
    A possible answer: Water is an excellent solvent.
  9. exhibit
    make visible or apparent
    Which of the following properties of water enable it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
    A possible answer: Water exhibits cohesive behavior.
  10. cohesive
    sticking together
    Which of the following properties of water enable it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
    A possible answer: Water exhibits cohesive behavior.
  11. osmosis
    diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane
    An osmosis investigation was conducted using chicken eggs to represent cells with semipermeable membranes.
  12. membrane
    a sheet of tissue that lines or connects organs or cells
    An osmosis investigation was conducted using chicken eggs to represent cells with semipermeable membranes.
  13. permeable
    allowing fluids or gases to pass or diffuse through
    An osmosis investigation was conducted using chicken eggs to represent cells with semipermeable membranes.
  14. solution
    a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances
    Each egg was then placed in one of three different solutions for 24 hours.
  15. table
    a set of data arranged in rows and columns
    The table below shows the results of the investigation.
  16. investigation
    an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities
    The table below shows the results of the investigation.
  17. experiment
    the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation
    Based on this experiment, which of the following should be inferred about cells with semipermeable membranes?
  18. infer
    conclude by reasoning
    Based on this experiment, which of the following should be inferred about cells with semipermeable membranes?
  19. substance
    a particular kind of matter with uniform properties
    Substances other than water may also cross the cell membrane.
  20. concentration
    the strength of a solution
    Water enters the cell when placed in environments of high water concentration.
  21. theory
    a belief that can guide behavior
    One of the accepted scientific theories describing the origin of life on Earth is known as chemical evolution.
  22. origin
    the source of something's existence or from which it derives
    According to this theory, which of the following events would need to occur first for life to evolve?
    A possible answer: Origin of genetic material.
  23. synthesis
    the process of producing a chemical compound
    According to this theory, which of the following events would need to occur first for life to evolve?
    A possible answer: Synthesis of organic molecules.
  24. probability
    a measure of how likely it is that some event will occur
    Which of the following describes the probability of hemophilia in the offspring of a man who does not have hemophilia and a woman who is a heterozygous carrier?
  25. illustration
    a visual representation to make a subject easy to understand
    To answer the question, refer to the following passage and illustration.
  26. component
    one of the individual parts making up a larger entity
    The sodium-potassium ion pump found in some cell membranes is made of which of the following basic structural components?
  27. primary
    of first rank or importance or value
    What is a primary function of the cell membrane?
  28. generate
    produce, as energy
    What is a primary function of the cell membrane?
    A possible answer: Generating energy from mineral nutrients.
  29. mineral
    relating to solid homogeneous inorganic substances
    What is a primary function of the cell membrane?
    A possible answer: Generating energy from mineral nutrients.
  30. nutrient
    any substance that can be metabolized to give energy
    What is a primary function of the cell membrane?
    A possible answer: Generating energy from mineral nutrients.
  31. evolution
    sequence of events involved in the development of a species
    The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence.
  32. evidence
    knowledge on which to base belief
    The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence.
  33. diagram
    a drawing intended to explain how something works
    The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different animal species.
  34. species
    taxonomic group whose members can interbreed
    The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different animal species.
  35. provide
    give something useful or necessary to
    How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?
  36. support
    structure that holds up or provides a foundation
    How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?
  37. relationship
    a state involving dealings between people, parties, or ideas
    The diagram below shows the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the organelles in which they occur.
  38. photosynthesis
    formation of compounds in plants aided by radiant energy
    The diagram below shows the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the organelles in which they occur.
  39. respiration
    process converting nutrients into energy in a cell
    The diagram below shows the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the organelles in which they occur.
  40. organelle
    a specialized part of a cell; analogous to an organ
    The diagram below shows the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration and the organelles in which they occur.
  41. convert
    change the nature, purpose, or function of something
    HCl converts pepsinogen into pepsin, an enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach.
  42. enzyme
    a complex protein produced by cells that acts as a catalyst
    HCl converts pepsinogen into pepsin, an enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach.
  43. replicate
    reproduce or make an exact copy of
    Which of the following most likely happens to pepsin as it enters the small intestine?
    A possible answer: It begins to replicate.
  44. gene
    part of DNA controlling physical characteristics and growth
    Genes for medically important proteins can be cloned and inserted into bacteria, as shown in the diagram below.
  45. protein
    an organic compound essential to living cells
    Genes for medically important proteins can be cloned and inserted into bacteria, as shown in the diagram below.
  46. bacteria
    single-celled organisms that can cause disease
    Genes for medically important proteins can be cloned and inserted into bacteria, as shown in the diagram below.
  47. recognize
    detect with the senses
    Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
  48. produce
    bring forth or yield
    Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
  49. chromosome
    a threadlike strand of DNA that carries genes
    Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
    A possible answer: Bacterial cells and human cells contain the same kind of chromosomes.
  50. energy
    a healthy capacity for vigorous activity
    The energy pyramid shown below depicts the feeding patterns the ecologists observed.
Created on Wed Jul 06 13:53:05 EDT 2016 (updated Mon Jul 11 14:35:57 EDT 2016)

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