types:
abecedarius
a poem having lines beginning with letters of the alphabet in regular order
Alcaic,
Alcaic verse
verse in the meter used in Greek and Latin poetry consisting of strophes of 4 tetrametric lines; reputedly invented by Alcaeus
ballad,
lay
a narrative poem of popular origin
ballade
a poem consisting of 3 stanzas and an envoy
blank verse
unrhymed verse (usually in iambic pentameter)
haiku
an epigrammatic Japanese verse form of three short lines
rondeau,
rondel
a French verse form of 10 or 13 lines running on two rhymes; the opening phrase is repeated as the refrain of the second and third stanzas
sonnet
a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme
tanka
a form of Japanese poetry; the 1st and 3rd lines have five syllables and the 2nd, 4th, and 5th have seven syllables
terza rima
a verse form with a rhyme scheme: aba bcb cdc, etc.
versicle
a short verse said or sung by a priest or minister in public worship and followed by a response from the congregation
villanelle
a poem comprised of five tercets and a quatrain and in which the first and third lines of the first tercet repeat as alternating end lines in subsequent stanzas
sestina
a poem comprised of six sestets and a final tercet and in which the end words of each line recur in each stanza in rotating order
epigram
a short, witty, and often satirical poem focusing on a single topic or observation
clerihew
a witty satiric verse containing two rhymed couplets and mentioning a famous person
limerick
a humorous verse form of 5 anapestic lines with a rhyme scheme aabba
roundel
English form of rondeau having three triplets with a refrain after the first and third
rhapsody
an epic poem adapted for recitation
Italian sonnet,
Petrarchan sonnet
a sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd
Spenserian sonnet
a sonnet consisting of three quatrains and a concluding couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab bcbd cdcd ee
ode
a lyric poem with complex stanza forms
sursum corda
(Roman Catholic Church) a Latin versicle meaning `lift up your hearts'
Edda
either of two distinct works in Old Icelandic dating from the late 13th century and consisting of 34 mythological and heroic ballads composed between 800 and 1200; the primary source for Scandinavian mythology