genus
Other forms: genera; genuses
A genus is a class or group of something. In biology, it's a taxonomic group covering more than one species.
This is a term used by biologists to classify more than one species under a larger umbrella. In biology, the word family describes the broadest group category, then genus, and then species. For example, primates are a family, and humans are a species within that family, but we're not in the same genus as macaques: macaques have their own genus. Dogs and wolves are so closely related they’re in the same genus. The plural of genus is genera.
Definitions of genus
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(biology) taxonomic group containing one or more speciestypes:form genusan artificial taxonomic category established on the basis of morphological resemblance for organisms of obscure true relationships especially fossil formsbacteria genusa genus of bacteriaprotoctist genusany genus of Protoctistafish genusany of various genus of fishchordate genusany genus in the phylum Chordatabird genusa genus of birdsamphibian genusany genus of amphibiansreptile genusa genus of reptilesarthropod genusa genus of arthropodsmammal genusa genus of mammalssponge genusa genus of Poriferacoelenterate genusa genus of coelenteratesctenophore genusa genus of ctenophoresworm genusa genus of wormsmollusk genusa genus of mollusksechinoderm genusa genus of echinodermstype genus(biology) genus from which the name of a family or subfamily is formed; it is not necessarily the most representative genus but often the largest or best known or earliest describedform genus(biology) an artificial taxonomic category for organisms of which the true relationships are obscuremoss genusa genus of mossesgymnosperm genusa genus of gymnospermsliliopsid genus, monocot genusgenus of flowering plants having a single cotyledon (embryonic leaf) in the seeddicot genus, magnoliopsid genusgenus of flowering plants having two cotyledons (embryonic leaves) in the seed which usually appear at germinationfungus genusincludes lichen generaplant genusa genus of plantsfern genusgenera of ferns and fern alliesgenus Heliobactera genus of helical or curved or straight aerobic bacteria with rounded ends and multiple flagella; found in the gastric mucosa of primates (including humans)Rhizobium, genus Rhizobiumthe type genus of Rhizobiaceae; usually occur in the root nodules of legumes; can fix atmospheric oxygenAgrobacterium, genus Agrobacteriumsmall motile bacterial rods that can reduce nitrates and cause galls on plant stemsgenus Bacillustype genus of the Bacillaceae; includes many saprophytes important in decay of organic matter and a number of parasitesgenus Clostridiumanaerobic or micro-aerophilic rod-shaped or spindle-shaped saprophytes; nearly cosmopolitan in soil, animal intestines, and dunggenus Nostoctype genus of the family Nostocaceae: freshwater blue-green algaegenus Trichodesmiuma genus of blue-green algaeXanthomonas, genus Xanthomonasa genus of bacteria similar to Pseudomonas but producing a yellow pigment that is not soluble in waterNitrobacteriaceae, family Nitrobacteriaceaeusually rod-shaped bacteria that oxidize ammonia or nitrites: nitrobacteriagenus Thiobacillusa genus of bacteriagenus Spirilluma genus of bacteriagenus Vibrioa genus of bacteriaBacteroides, genus Bacteroidestype genus of Bacteroidaceae; genus of Gram-negative rodlike anaerobic bacteria producing no endospores and no pigment and living in the gut of man and animalsgenus Corynebacteriumthe type genus of the family Corynebacteriaceae which is widely distributed in nature; the best known are parasites and pathogens of humans and domestic animalsgenus Listeriaa genus of aerobic motile bacteria of the family Corynebacteriaceae containing small Gram-positive rodsgenus Escherichiaa genus of bacteriagenus Klebsiellaa genus of bacteriagenus Salmonellaa genus of bacteriaSerratia, genus Serratiaa genus of motile peritrichous bacteria that contain small Gram-negative rodgenus Shigellaa genus of bacteriagenus Erwiniaa genus of bacteriagenus Rickettsiacan cause typhus and Rocky Mountain spotted fever in humansgenus Chlamydiatype genus of the family Chlamydiaceae: disease-causing parasitesgenus Mycoplasmatype and sole genus of the family Mycoplasmataceaegenus Actinomycestype genus of the family Actinomycetaceaegenus Streptomycestype genus of the family Streptomycetaceaegenus Mycobacteriumnonmotile Gram-positive aerobic bacteriaPolyangium, genus Polyangiumtype genus of the family Polyangiaceae: myxobacteria with rounded fruiting bodies enclosed in a membranegenus Staphylococcusincludes many pathogenic speciesgenus Lactobacillustype genus of the family Lactobacillaceaegenus Diplococcusa genus of bacteriagenus Streptococcusa genus of bacteriaSpirochaeta, genus Spirochaetathe type genus of the family Spirochaetaceae; a bacterium that is flexible, undulating, and chiefly aquaticgenus Treponematype genus of Treponemataceae: anaerobic spirochetes with an undulating rigid body; parasitic in warm-blooded animalsgenus Borreliasmall flexible parasitic spirochetes having three to five wavy spiralsgenus Leptospiravery slender aerobic spirochetes; free-living or parasitic in mammalsgenus Amoebaprotozoan inhabiting moist soils or bottom vegetation in fresh or salt watergenus Globigerinatype genus of the family Globigerinidaegenus Arcellatype genus of the Arcellidaegenus Difflugiagenus of protozoans related to amebagenus Parameciumfreshwater ciliate with an oval body and long deep oral groovegenus Tetrahymenaprotozoa having four membranous ciliary organellesgenus Stentortrumpet-shaped protozoa with a ciliated spiral feeding funnelgenus Vorticellaciliated protozoans that have a goblet-shaped body with a retractile stalkgenus Fucustype genus of the family Fucaceae: cartilaginous brown algaeAscophyllum, genus Ascophyllumbrown algae distinguished by compressed or inflated branchlets along the axisgenus Sargassuma genus of protoctistgenus Euglenatype genus of the family Euglenaceae: green algae with a single flagellumUlva, genus Ulvatype genus of the family Ulvaceae; green seaweed having a thallus two cells thick: sea lettuceVolvox, genus Volvoxtype genus of the Volvocaceae; minute pale green flagellates occurring in tiny spherical colonies; minute flagella rotate the colony about an axisChlamydomonas, genus Chlamydomonastype genus of the Chlamydomonadaceae; solitary doubly-flagellated plant-like algae common in fresh water and damp soil; multiply freely; often a pest around filtration plantsgenus Spirogyraa genus of protoctistChlorococcum, genus Chlorococcumtype genus of Chlorococcales; unicellular green algae occurring singly or in a layer on soil or damp rockgenus Chlorellanonmotile unicellular green algae potentially important as source of high-grade protein and B-complex vitaminsOedogonium, genus Oedogoniumtype genus of Oedogoniaceae; freshwater green algae having long unbranched filaments; usually free-floating when maturegenus Noctilucaa genus of protoctistgenus Costiaa genus of flagellate protoctistgenus Giardiaflagellates parasitic in intestines of vertebratesgenus Trichomonasflagellates parasitic in alimentary or genitourinary tracts of vertebrates and invertebrates including humansgenus Eimeriatype genus of the family Eimeriidae; includes serious pathogensgenus Plasmodiumtype genus of the family Plasmodiidaegenus Rivuluskillifishgenus Anomalopstype genus of the family Anomalopidaegenus Amphioxustype genus of the Amphioxidaegenus Salpatype (perhaps sole) genus of the Salpidaegenus Doliolumtype genus of the Doliolidaegenus Appendiculariaa genus of chordates in the class Larvaceagenus Eptatretusa genus of fossil fish of the family Myxinidaegenus Chimaeratype genus of the ChimaeridaeCetorhinus, genus Cetorhinuscomprising only the basking sharks; in some classifications considered the type genus of a separate family CetorhinidaeAlopius, genus Alopiustype genus of the family Alopiidae; in some classifications considered a genus of the family LamnidaeCarcharias, Odontaspis, genus Carcharias, genus Odontaspistype and sole genus of Carchariidae: sand sharksgenus Mantaa genus of Mobulidaegenus Protoavisextinct primitive birds of the Triassic period; 70 million years before archaeopteryxgenus Sinornisa genus of fossil birdsgenus Ibero-mesornisa genus of fossil bird of the subclass Archaeornithesgenus Archaeornisa genus of fossil birdgenus Apteryxtype genus of the Apterygidae: kiwisgenus Rheatype genus of the Rheidae; large tall flightless South American birds similar to but smaller than ostrichesgenus Aepyornistype genus of the Aepyornidae: elephant birdsgenus Anomalopteryxsmall moasCarduelis, genus Carduelisin some classifications considered the type genus of a subfamily Carduelinae of the family Fringillidae: goldfinches; siskins; redpolls; linnetsSpinus, genus Spinusin some classifications considered a subgenus of Carduelis: siskins and New World goldfinchesgenus JuncoAmerican finchesgenus Pyrrhuloxialarge showy finches related to cardinalsgenus Cotingatype genus of the Cotingidae: cotingasgenus Pittatype genus of the Pittidae; a large genus of birds of southern Asia and Australia and adjacent islandsPastor, subgenus Pastoronly the rose-colored starlings; in some classifications considered a separate genusGymnorhina, genus Gymnorhinain some classifications placed in the family Laniidae: Australian piping crowsCampylorhynchus, Heleodytes, genus Campylorhynchus, genus Heleodytesalternative classifications for the cactus wrensgenus Vireotype genus of the VireonidaeHynerpeton, genus Hynerpetonearliest fossil amphibian ever found; of the Devonian; found in Pennsylvaniagenus Ichthyostegasecond earliest fossil amphibian ever found; of the Devonian; found in GreenlandMegalobatrachus, genus Megalobatrachusgiant salamanders; in some classifications included in the genus Cryptobranchusgenus Dicamptodontype genus of the Dicamptodontidaegenus Amphiumacongo snakesgenus Sirena genus of SirenidaeLeptodactylus, genus Leptodactylustype genus of the Leptodactylidae; in some classifications placed in the family BufonidaeAscaphus, genus Ascaphustype genus of the Ascaphidae; in some classifications included in the family LeiopelmatidaeLeiopelma, Liopelma, genus Leiopelma, genus Liopelmatype and sole genus of the family Leiopelmatidaegenus Bufotype genus of the Bufonidae; common toads of New and Old WorldsXenopus, genus Xenopusan African clawed frog; in some classifications made the type genus of a separate family XenopodidaeXerobates, genus Xerobatespossible new genus for desert and Texas tortoises based on recent researchPygopus, genus Pygopustype genus of the Pygopodidae; snake-shaped pleurodont lizard with no forelimbs and only rudimentary hind limbsgenus Iguanatype genus of the IguanidaeCordylus, genus Cordylustype genus of the Cordylidae; spiny lizards somewhat resembling tiny crocodilesgenus Agamatype genus of the Agamidaegenus Molochgenus of Australian desert lizardXenosaurus, genus Xenosaurustype and sole genus of Xenosauridae: slender-bodied Mexican lizards having the upper surface covered with tiny granules and tuberclesgenus Alligatortype genus of the Alligatoridaegenus Caimancaimansgenus Pisanosaurusprimitive ornithischian dinosaur found in Argentina; early Triassicgenus Staurikosaurusprimitive ornithischian dinosaur found in Brazilgenus Stegosaurusquadrupedal armored herbivore of the Jurassic and Cretaceousgenus Ankylosaurusarmored herbivorous dinosaurs of the Cretaceousgenus Protoceratopssmall horned dinosaursgenus Triceratopsgenus of herbivorous horned dinosaursgenus Styracosaurusgenus of horned dinosaursgenus Psittacosaurusmost primitive genus of horned dinosaurs; early Cretaceousgenus Anatotitangenus of large duck-billed dinosaurs; late Cretaceousgenus Corythosaurusgenus of duck-billed dinosaurs of late Cretaceousgenus Edmontosaurusduck-billed dinosaurs of Canadagenus Trachodona reptile genus of the suborder Euronithopodagenus Iguanodontype genus of the Iguanodontidaegenus Apatosaurus, genus Brontosauruslarge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaurs with very long neck and tail; late Jurassicgenus Barosaurushuge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur; late Jurassicgenus Diplodocusa reptile genus of the suborder SauropodaTitanosaurus, genus Titanosaurusgenus of herbivorous dinosaurs flourishing during the Cretaceous in South AmericaSeismosaurus, genus Seismosaurusgenus of large herbivorous dinosaurs of Cretaceous found in western North Americagenus Ceratosaurusprimitive saurischian carnivorous dinosaursgenus Coelophysislate Triassic carnivorous saurischian dinosaursgenus Tyrannosaurusincludes a single speciesgenus Compsognathusa reptile genus of Theropodagenus Herrerasaurusprimitive theropod found in Argentina; early Triassicgenus Eoraptorprimitive theropod found in Argentina; early Triassicgenus Megalosaurustype genus of the Megalosauridaegenus Struthiomimussmall toothless saurischian dinosaurs; later Cretaceous period in Canadagenus Deinocheirusa reptile genus of Ornithomimidagenus Velociraptoradvanced carnivorous theropodgenus Deinonychusadvanced bipedal carnivorous dinosaurgenus Utahraptoradvanced bipedal carnivorous dinosaurgenus Mononychusauthorities disagree over whether to classify the genus as bird or dinosaurgenus Edaphosaurustype genus of the Edaphosauridaegenus Dimetrodona reptile genus of Pelycosauriagenus Ichthyosaurustype genus of the Ichthyosauridaegenus Stenopterygiusa reptile genus of Ichthyosauridaegenus Plesiosaurusa reptile genus of suborder Plesiosauriagenus Nothosaurusa genus of NothosauriaHeterodon, genus Heterodona genus of small colubrid snakes containing the North American hognose snakesgenus PythonOld World boasAranea, Araneus, genus Aranea, genus Araneusa genus of orb-weaving spiders including common garden spiders and barn spidersGeophilus, genus Geophilustype genus of the Geophilidae: a cosmopolitan genus of centipedes sometimes called earwigsAgriocharis, genus Agriocharisa genus of birds of the family Meleagrididae including the ocellated turkeyPenelope, genus Penelopea genus of guans (turkey-like arboreal birds valued as game and food birds)genus Leipoamallee fowlgenus AfropavoCongo peafowlOdontophorus, genus Odontophorusgenus of Central and South American crested partridges resembling quails; sometimes placed in a distinct subfamily or isolated in a distinct familygenus Tragopana genus of Phasianidaegenus Trogontype genus of the Trogonidaegenus Coscorobaa genus of Anatidaegenus Phalangertype genus of the family Phalangeridae: cuscusesNotoryctus, genus Notoryctustype genus of the family Notoryctidae: comprising solely the marsupial molegenus Tenrectype genus of the family Tenrecidae: tenrecsgenus Potamogaletype genus of the family Potamogalidae: otter shrewsgenus Hydrahydrasgenus Nanomiaa genus of Siphonophoragenus Beroecoextensive with the class Nudagenus Sagittachief genus of Chaetognatha including the largest arrowwormsgenus Spadellamarine worms resembling the sagittas but with a broader body and only one pair of lateral finsgenus Echinococcustapewormsgenus Taeniatype genus of the family Taeniidae: tapewormsBranchiobdella, genus Branchiobdellatype genus of the Branchiobdellidae: a small worm that lives on the gills or surface of a crayfish attached by a suckerTerebella, genus Terebellatype genus of Terebellidae; tube-forming marine polychete worms with many filamentous tentaclesgenus Neritatype genus of the Neritidaegenus Neritinaa genus of Neritidaegenus Physatype genus of the Physidae; freshwater air-breathing snailsgenus Chitona genus of Polyplacophoragenus Pectentype genus of the family Pectinidae: sea and bay scallopsgenus Teredotype genus of the family Teredinidaegenus Nautilustype genus and sole recent representative of the family Nautilidaegenus Octopustype genus of the family Octopodidaegenus Loligosquidsgenus Ommastrephesa genus of Decapodagenus Architeuthisgiant squidgenus Spirulagenus of small cephalopods with many-chambered spiral shells resembling those of the extinct belemnitesgenus Squillatype genus of the family Squillidaegenus Daphniawater fleasTriops, genus Triopstype genus of the family Triopidae: small crustaceans with a small third median eyegenus Cyclopscopepod water fleasgenus Peripatustype genus of Peripatidae; onychophorans of chiefly New World tropical regionsPeripatopsis, genus Peripatopsistype genus of Peripatopsidae; onychophorans of chiefly Asiatic and African tropical regionsgenus JabirujabirusMycteria, genus Mycteriaa genus of storks of the family Ciconiidae now including only the American wood ibisgenus IbisibisesAramus, genus Aramusgenus of large brown long-billed wading birds found in warm swampy regions of the western hemisphere: courlan; limpkingenus Chungaa genus of Cariamidaegenus Notornisa genus of RallidaeHimantopus, genus Himantopusmajor one of two genera of stilts; similar to avocets but with straight billsCladorhyncus, genus Cladorhyncusone of two genera of stilts; similar to avocets but with straight billsgenus Anhingatype genus of the Anhingidaegenus Diomedeatype of the Diomedeidaegenus Grampusgrampusgenus Dugongtype genus of the Dugongidae comprising only the dugongsgenus Hyaenatype genus of the Hyaenidaegenus LynxlynxesPanthera, genus Pantheralions; leopards; snow leopards; jaguars; tigers; cheetahs; saber-toothed tigersUrsus, genus Ursustype genus of Ursidae: brown bears; in some classifications genus Ursus includes all bearsEuarctos, genus EuarctosAmerican black bears; in some classifications not a separate genus from UrsusSelenarctos, genus SelenarctosAsiatic black bears; in some classifications not a separate genus from Ursusgenus Macrotusleafnose batsEpilachna, genus Epilachnagenus of ladybugs native to Mexico and Central America; both larvae and adults feed on plantsgenus Calosomagenus of large predaceous ground beetles that feed on injurious caterpillarsgenus Scarabaeustype genus of the ScarabaeidaeAnomala, genus Anomalagenus of beetles whose grubs feed mainly on roots of plants; includes several pests of cultivated grassesDendroctonus, genus Dendroctonusgenus of small bark beetles destructive especially to mature conifersgenus Glossinatype genus of the Glossinidae: tsetse fliesHypoderma, genus Hypodermain some classifications considered the type genus of the family Hypodermatidae: warble fliesgenus Drosophilaa genus of DrosophilidaeAnopheles, genus Anophelesmalaria mosquitoes; distinguished by the adult's head-downward stance and absence of breathing tubes in the larvaeCulex, genus Culextype genus of the Culicidae: widespread genus of mosquitoes distinguished by holding the body parallel to the resting surfacegenus Sciaratype genus of the Sciaridae: fungus gnatPsithyrus, genus Psithyrusa large bee that resembles the bumblebee but lacks pollen-collecting apparatus and a worker castegenus Andrenaa solitary burrowing short-tongued beeReticulitermes, genus Reticulitermesincludes species highly destructive to structures and living treesMastotermes, genus Mastotermesprimitive genus of termites; mostly extinct; sometimes considered the most primitive IsopteraKalotermes, genus Kalotermestype genus of Kalotermitidae; termites destructive of wood and living treesCryptotermes, genus Cryptotermesgenus of dry wood termites; cosmopolitan in distribution; sometimes considered a subgenus of Kalotermesgenus Diapheromeraa genus of Phasmidaegenus Mantistype genus of the Mantidae: mantisesDysdercus, genus Dysdercusa genus of slender long-legged bugs that feed on the developing seeds of cotton and stain itgenus Coccustype genus of the Coccidaegenus Cicadatype genus of the Cicadidae: cicadasgenus Thripstype genus of the ThripidaeLycaena, genus Lycaenatype genus of the Lycaenidae; small slender butterflies with upper surface of wings usually metallic blue or green or coppergenus Tortrixtype genus of the TortricidaeEphestia, genus Ephestiasmall moths whose larvae spin silken tunnels and feed on stored food productsMus, genus Mustype genus of the Muridae: common house mice; the tips of the upper incisors have a square notchgenus PhenacomysNorth American volesCastoroides, genus Castoroidesextinct beavers of the Pleistocene; of eastern and southern United Statesgenus Chinchillatype genus of the ChinchillidaeUintatherium, genus Uintatheriumtype genus of the Uintatheriidae; extinct large herbivorous ungulates somewhat resembling elephants; from the Eocene in Wyominggenus Mesohippusa genus of Equidaegenus Protohippusa genus of Equidaegenus Rhinocerostype genus of the Rhinocerotidaegenus Hippopotamustype genus of the HippopotamidaeBos, genus Boswild and domestic cattle; in some classifications placed in the subfamily Bovinae or tribe BoviniBubalus, genus Bubalus, tribe Bubalusin some classification systems included in genus Bos; water buffaloesgenus Anoaa genus of mammals of the family Bovidaegenus Bisonsometimes considered a subgenus of genus Bos: American buffalogenus Addaxgenus of antelopes of northern African desertsStrepsiceros, Tragelaphus, genus Strepsiceros, genus TragelaphusAfrican antelopes: kudus; bongos; nyalas; bushbucksgenus SaigaEurasian antelopes: saigasgenus OryxAfrican antelopes: oryxesPseudoryx, genus Pseudoryxspecies of large cow-like mammals of Vietnam discovered by scientists in 1992genus Grisona genus of Mustelidaegenus Galictisalternative name for the genus Grisongenus Cabassoussolely the tatouaygenus Mylodontype genus of the Mylodontidae; sometimes included in family Megatheriidaegenus Tamandualesser anteatergenus Homotype genus of the family Hominidaegenus Sivapithecusextinct primates; lower Pliocenegenus Proconsulgenus of extinct primitive African primates of the Miocene epoch; sometimes considered a subgenus of DryopithecusKenyapithecus, genus Kenyapithecusextinct primate having powerful chewing muscles along with large molars and small incisors; fossils found in Kenyagenus Aegyptopithecusa genus of Hominoideagenus Gorillagorillasgenus Colobusa genus of Cercopithecidaegenus Lemurtype genus of the Lemuridaegenus Loristype genus of the Lorisidaegenus Galagobush babiesgenus Indritype genus of the IndriidaeAiluropoda, genus Ailuropodaonly the giant panda: in some classifications considered a genus of the separate family Ailuropodidaegenus Ceratodustype genus of the Ceratodontidae: extinct genus of lungfishesOncorhynchus, genus OncorhynchusPacific salmon including sockeye salmon; chinook salmon; chum salmon; coho salmongenus Tarpontarponsgenus Chaetodontype genus of the ChaetodontidaeKatsuwonus, genus Katsuwonusoceanic bonitos; in some classifications placed in its own family Katsuwonidaegenus Palometaa genus of StromateidaePeristedion, genus Peristedionin some classifications the type genus of the subfamily Peristediinae: armored sea robinsgenus Molatype genus of the MolidaeLimanda, genus Limandaa genus of Pleuronectidae; righteye flounders having a humped nose and small scales; the underside is often brightly coloredAndreaea, genus Andreaeabrown or blackish Alpine mosses having a dehiscent capsule with 4 longitudinal slitsBryum, genus Bryumtype genus of the Bryaceae: mosses distinguished by mostly erect and tufted gametophytes and symmetrical short-necked capsulesgenus Sphagnuma large genus constituting the order Sphagnales: atypical mosses of temperate bogs with leaves that can hold much waterMarchantia, genus Marchantiatype genus of Marchantiaceae; liverworts that reproduce asexually by gemmae and have stalked antheridiophoresSphaerocarpos, Sphaerocarpus, genus Sphaerocarpos, genus Sphaerocarpustype genus of Sphaerocarpaceae; liverworts with small many-lobed usually orbicular thallusgenus Pecopterisgenus of Carboniferous fossil fernsliliid monocot genusgenus of monocotyledonous plants comprising mostly herbs having usually petaloid sepals and petals and compound pistilsmagnoliid dicot genusgenus of dicotyledonous flowering plants regarded as among the most primitive of extant angiospermshamamelid dicot genusgenus of mostly woody relatively primitive dicotyledonous flowering plants with flowers often unisexual and often borne in catkinscaryophylloid dicot genusgenus of relatively early dicotyledonous plants including mostly flowersdilleniid dicot genusgenus of more or less advanced dicotyledonous trees and shrubs and herbsasterid dicot genusgenus of more or less advanced dicotyledonous herbs and some trees and shrubsrosid dicot genusa genus of dicotyledonous plantsgenus Gnetumtype genus of the Gnetaceae; small trees or shrubs usually with climbing jointed stems and terminal spikes of flowers with orange-red seeds clustered in rough conesCatha, genus Cathaa genus of African evergreen shrubs characterized by thick leaves and white flowersgenus Ephedratype and sole genus of Ephedraceae: tropical and subtropical evergreen shrubby or creeping plants native to dry and inhospitable regionsCycas, genus Cycastype genus of Cycadaceae: genus of widely distributed Old World evergreen tropical trees having pinnate leaves and columnar stems covered with persistent bases of old leavesgenus Zamiagenus of small evergreen tropical and subtropical American cycadsgenus Ceratozamiasmall genus of Mexican cycads; sometimes classified in family Cycadaceaegenus Dioonsmall genus of arborescent cycads of Mexico and Central America; sometimes classified in family Cycadaceaegenus Encephalartosgenus of arborescent African cycads; sometimes classified in family Cycadaceaegenus Macrozamiagenus of large evergreen Australian cycads; sometimes classified in family CycadaceaeCordaites, genus Cordaitestall Paleozoic trees superficially resembling modern screw pines; structurally intermediate in some ways between cycads and conifersgenus Cathayaone species; related to Pseudotsuga and LarixCalocedrus, genus Calocedrustall evergreens of western North America and eastern Asia; formerly included in genus Libocedrusgenus Metasequoiagenus of deciduous conifers comprising both living and fossil forms; 1 extant species: dawn redwood of China; variously classified as member of Pinaceae or Taxodiaceaegenus Sequoiaredwoods; until recently considered a genus of a separate family TaxodiaceaeSequoiadendron, genus Sequoiadendrongiant sequoias; sometimes included in the genus Sequoia; until recently placed in the Taxodiaceaegenus Keteleeriaa genus of keteleeriagenus Araucariaa genus of the araucaria familyPodocarpus, genus Podocarpusevergreen trees or shrubs; sometimes classified as member of the family TaxaceaeAfrocarpus, genus Afrocarpusdioecious evergreen trees or shrubs; equatorial to southern and southeastern Africa: yellowwood; similar to trees or genus PodocarpusDacrycarpus, genus Dacrycarpusevergreen coniferous shrubs or trees of New Zealand to Malaysia and PhilippinesFalcatifolium, genus Falcatifoliumsickle pines: dioecious evergreen tropical trees and shrubs having sickle-shaped leaves; similar to Dacrycarpus in habit; Malaysia and Philippines to New Guinea and New CaledoniaHalocarpus, genus Halocarpusdioecious trees or shrubs of New Zealand; similar in habit to DacrydiumLagarostrobus, genus Lagarostrobusgenus of dioecious evergreen trees of New Zealand and Tasmania; similar to genus DacrydiumNageia, genus Nageiasmall genus of Asian evergreen trees having columnar crowns and distinguished by leaves lacking a midrib; eastern Asia including India and Philippines and New GuineaPrumnopitys, genus Prumnopitysmostly dioecious evergreen conifers; leaves are softer than in PodocarpusRetrophyllum, genus Retrophyllumsmall genus of tropical evergreen dioecious shrubs or trees of Oceania and tropical South Americagenus Ginkgosole surviving genus of the GinkgoaceaeJuncus, genus Juncustype genus of the Juncaceae; perennial tufted glabrous marsh plants of temperate regions: rushesAcocanthera, Acokanthera, genus Acocanthera, genus Acokantherasmall genus of trees and shrubs containing strongly toxic cardiac glycosides; Arabia to Africagenus Allamandagenus of tropical American woody vinesAlstonia, genus Alstoniagenus of evergreen trees or shrubs with white funnel-shaped flowers and milky sap; tropical Africa to southeastern Asia and PolynesiaAmsonia, genus Amsoniagenus of herbs and subshrubs with milky juice and showy bluish flowers; Europe to Asia Minor to Japan and North Americagenus CarissaOld World genus of tropical evergreen usually spiny shrubsCatharanthus, genus Catharanthussmall genus of erect annual or perennial herbs native to Madagascar; widely naturalized in the tropics; formerly included in genus VincaDipladenia, Mandevilla, genus Dipladenia, genus Mandevillagenus of tropical South American tuberous perennial woody vines with large racemose flowers and milky sapPlumeria, Plumiera, genus Plumeriadeciduous shrubs and trees of tropical America having branches like candelabra and fragrant white or pink flowersgenus Strophanthusgenus of tropical Asiatic and African shrubs and woody vines and small treesThevetia, genus Thevetiagenus of poisonous tropical American evergreen shrubs and trees having entire leaves and large cymose flowersTrachelospermum, genus Trachelospermumgenus of Asiatic woody vines with milky sap in leaves and stemsgenus Arumtype genus of the Araceae: tuberous perennial herbs of Europe and Asia with usually heart-shaped leavesAglaonema, genus Aglaonemaclimbing herbs of southeastern Asia having thick fleshy oblong leaves and naked unisexual flowers: Chinese evergreengenus Alocasiatropical Asiatic herbs similar to Colocasia but distinguished by a large sterile spadixgenus Amorphophallusgenus of large tropical east Asian cormous aroids: devil's tongue; snake palmgenus Anthuriumlarge genus of often epiphytic evergreen tropical American plants often cultivated as houseplantsgenus Caladiumsmall genus of tropical South American tuberous perennials with large variously colored leavesgenus Cryptocorynewater trumpet; aquatic herbs having broad leaves and long slender spathes; often used as aquarium plantsDieffenbachia, genus Dieffenbachiaevergreen perennial herbs of tropical America with lush foliage and poisonous sap; often cultivated as houseplantsgenus Dracontiumsmall genus of tropical American cormous herbsEpipremnum, genus Epipremnumsmall genus of evergreen lianas of southeastern Asia to western Pacific areasgenus Monsteratropical American climbing plant with deeply incised leavesgenus Nephthytissmall genus of tropical western African creeping or twining herbsgenus Philodendronany of several tropical American climbing plants with smooth shiny evergreen leavesgenus Pistiaone species: water lettuceScindapsus, genus Pothos, genus Scindapsusevergreen climbers with adhesive adventitious roots; southeastern Asia and Brazilgenus Spathiphyllumevergreen rhizomatous perennials of tropical America and Philippines and IndonesiaSyngonium, genus Syngoniumepiphytic or terrestrial climbing shrubs of Central and South America; used as ornamental houseplants for their velvety foliageLemna, genus Lemnaminute aquatic herbs floating on or below the water surface of still water consisting of a leaflike frond or plant body and single rootSpirodela, genus Spirodelaminute aquatic herbs floating on the water surface consisting of a shiny leaflike frond and 2-21 rootsWolffia, genus Wolffiaminute rootless aquatic herbs having globular fronds floating on or near the water surface and bearing one flower per frondWolffiella, genus Wolffiellaminute rootless aquatic herbs having flat fronds floating on or below the water surface and bearing 1-2 flowers per frond; America and Africagenus Campanulalarge genus of herbs grown for their blossoms: bellflowersgenus Orchistype genus of the orchid family; hardy terrestrial orchids of the temperate the northern hemispheregenus Aeridesepiphytic orchids of tropical Asia having stiff leaves and fragrant white flowers in arching racemesAngraecum, genus Angraecum, genus Angrecumgenus of tropical Old World epiphytic orchids with showy flowers sometimes grotesquegenus Arethusagenus of bog orchids of North America and Japangenus Bletiagenus of tropical American terrestrial orchids with large purple or pink flowersBletilla, genus Bletillasmall genus of chiefly east Asiatic hardy terrestrial orchids similar to genus Bletiagenus Brassavolagenus of tropical American epiphytic or lithophytic rhizomatous orchidsBrassia, genus Brassiagenus of tropical American epiphytic orchids having striking axillary racemes of yellow to green spiderlike flowers with long slender sepals and warty lips: spider orchidsgenus Caladeniaterrestrial orchids of Australia to New Caledoniagenus Calanthelarge and widely distributed genus of terrestrial orchidsgenus Calypsoone species found throughout much of northern North America and EurasiaCatasetum, genus Catasetumgenus of tropical American orchids having showy male and female flowers usually on separate inflorescencesgenus Cattleyalarge and highly valued genus of beautiful tropical American epiphytic or lithophytic orchids; the typical orchids; known in many varietiesCleistes, genus Cleistesterrestrial orchids of North and South America having slender fibrous roots; allied to genus PogoniaCoeloglossum, genus Coeloglossumterrestrial orchids of cooler parts of North America and Europe: satyr orchidgenus Coelogynelarge diverse genus of tropical Asiatic epiphytic orchidsCorallorhiza, genus Corallorhizagenus of leafless root-parasitic orchids having small purplish or yellowish racemose flowers with lobed lips; widely distributed in temperate regionsgenus Cymbidiumgenus of tropical epiphytic or terrestrial Old World orchids; one of the most popular orchid generaCypripedium, genus Cypripediumgenus of chiefly American perennial leafy-stemmed orchids: lady's slippers; sometimes includes species of genus Paphiopedilumgenus Dendrobiumlarge genus and variable genus of chiefly epiphytic or lithophytic orchids of tropical and subtropical Asia and Australasiagenus Disagenus of showy tropical African terrestrial orchidsDracula, genus Draculacomprises tropical American species usually placed in genus Masdevallia: diminutive plants having bizarre and often sinister-looking flowers with pendulous scapes and motile lipsDryadella, genus Dryadellacomprises tropical American species usually placed in genus Masdevallia: very dwarf plants having short tufted and usually unifoliate stems with usually solitary flowersEncyclia, genus Encyclialarge genus of epiphytic and lithophytic orchids of tropical and subtropical Americas and West Indies; formerly included in genus EpidendrumEpidendrum, genus Epidendrumlarge and variable genus of terrestrial or epiphytic or lithophytic orchids of tropical and subtropical Americas; some native to United StatesEpipactis, genus Epipactisgenus of hardy orchids with leafy-bracted racemes of greenish or purplish irregular flowersGoodyera, genus Goodyeragenus of small orchids of the northern hemisphere with creeping rhizomes and stalked ovate leaves and small flowersGrammatophyllum, genus Grammatophyllumsmall genus of large epiphytic or terrestrial orchids of southeastern Asia to Polynesia; the giants of the Orchidaceae having long narrow leaves and drooping flower clusters often 6 feet longGymnadenia, genus Gymnadeniasmall genus of terrestrial orchids of North America and temperate EurasiaGymnadeniopsis, genus Gymnadeniopsisgenus of North American terrestrial orchids usually included in genus HabenariaHabenaria, genus Habenariachiefly terrestrial orchids with tubers or fleshy roots often having long slender spurs and petals and lip lobes; includes species formerly placed in genus GymnadeniopsisHimantoglossum, genus Himantoglossumsmall genus of terrestrial orchids of Europe and Mediterranean regiongenus Laelialarge genus of mostly epiphytic or lithophytic Central and South American orchids of various sizesgenus Liparisgenus of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids; pantropical to temperateListera, genus Listeragenus of terrestrial orchids having usually a single pair of broad shining leaves near the middle of the stem; found in temperate Asia and North America and EuropeMalaxis, genus Malaxislarge genus of largely terrestrial orchids with one or a few plicate leaves and slender spikes or tiny mostly green flowers; cosmopolitangenus Masdevallialarge genus of tropical American mostly epiphytic orchids whose flowers have sepals fused at the base forming a tube; includes orchids sometimes placed in genera Dracula and Dryadella and Scaphosepalumgenus Maxillarialarge genus of tropical American epiphytic orchids with persistent leathery leaves and single-flowered scapesgenus Odontoglossumlarge and important genus of tropical American mostly epiphytic orchids; some of the most widely grown species are often placed in other generagenus Oncidiumlarge genus of showy epiphytic or lithophytic or terrestrial orchids of tropical and subtropical AmericaOphrys, genus Ophrysa hardy genus of terrestrial orchids of Europe and northern Africa and western AsiaPaphiopedilum, genus Paphiopedilumhorticulturally important genus of mainly terrestrial orchids including many hybrids; southeastern Asia and Indonesia to Philippines and Solomon Islands; Paphiopedilum species sometimes included in genus Cypripediumgenus Phaiusgenus of Asiatic and Australian terrestrial orchidsPhragmipedium, genus Phragmipediumgenus of tropical American orchid species often included in genus Cypripedium or Paphiopedilum and Selenipedium: lady slippersPlatanthera, genus Platantheraherbaceous terrestrial orchids of temperate northern and southern hemispheresgenus Pleurothallislarge genus of epiphytic or lithophytic orchids of tropical Americagenus Pogoniasmall but widely distributed genus of orchids closely related to genus Cleistes;: of damp or boggy areas of north temperate zonePsychopsis, genus Psychopsisepiphytic orchids of Central and South America formerly included in genus OncidiumPterostylis, genus Pterostylisgenus of terrestrial orchids of Australia and New Zealand and western PacificSarcochilus, genus Sarcochilusdiminutive epiphytic or lithophytic orchids with clumped short-stemmed foliage and arching racemes of colorful flowers; Australia and Polynesia to southeastern AsiaScaphosepalum, genus Scaphosepalumcomprises some tropical American species usually placed in genus Masdevallia: diminutive plants with small flowers carried on one scapeSchomburgkia, genus Schomburgkiagenus of tropical American epiphytic orchids with showy racemose flowersSelenipedium, genus Selenipediumgenus of tall reedlike tropical American orchids; includes species with pods used locally as a substitute for vanillagenus Sobraliagenus of tropical American orchidsgenus Stanhopeagenus of tropical American epiphytic orchidsgenus Stelisgenus of small caespitose orchids of tropical AmericaTrichoceros, genus Trichocerossmall genus of small epiphytic or terrestrial orchids of tropical South Americagenus Vandagenus of showy epiphytic orchids of Himalayas to Malaysiagenus Vanillalarge genus of tropical climbing orchids; Old and New WorldsBurmannia, genus Burmanniatype genus of the Burmanniaceae; slender herbs of warm regions with leaves resembling scales and flowers with a three-angled or three-winged perianthTamus, genus Tamusa genus of tuberous vines of the family Dioscoreaceae; has twining stems and heart-shaped leaves and axillary racemesgenus Primulavery large and important genus of plants of temperate Europe and Asia having showy flowersgenus Cyclamengenus of widely cultivated flowering Eurasian herbs with centrally depressed rounded tubers and rounded heart-shaped leavesLysimachia, genus Lysimachialoosestrife: a cosmopolitan genus found in damp or swampy terrain having usually yellow flowers; inclined to be invasiveMyrsine, genus Myrsineevergreen trees and shrubs having aromatic foliage; Africa; Asia (New Zealand)Ardisia, genus Ardisiatropical evergreen subshrubs (some climbers) to trees of Asia and Australasia to Americasgenus Plumbagoshrubs and herbs and woody vines of warm regions: leadwortAgrostis, genus Agrostisannual or perennial grasses cosmopolitan in northern hemisphere: bent grass (so named from `bent' meaning an area of unfenced grassland)Alopecurus, genus Alopecurusannual or perennial grasses including decorative and meadow species as well as notorious agricultural weedsChloris, genus Chloristufted or perennial or annual grasses having runners: finger grass; windmill grassCortaderia, genus Cortaderiatall ornamental grasses of South America and New Zealand and New Guinea: pampas grassErianthus, genus Erianthusgenus of reedlike grasses having spikes crowded in a panicle covered with long silky hairsHordeum, genus Hordeumannual to perennial grasses of temperate northern hemisphere and South America: barleyMuhlenbergia, genus Muhlenbergiaa genus of grasses of the family Gramineae grown in America and Asiagenus Paspaluma genus of perennial grasses of warm regionsSpartina, genus Spartinagrass of freshwater swamps and salt marshes of Europe, Africa, America, and South Atlantic islandsTriticum, genus Triticumannual cereal grasses from Mediterranean area; widely cultivated in temperate regionsZoisia, genus Zoisia, genus Zoysialawn grasses native to southeastern Asia and New Zealand; grown especially in warm regionsCyperus, genus Cyperustype genus of Cyperaceae; grasslike rhizomatous herbs; cosmopolitan except very cold regionsCarex, genus Carexlarge genus of plants found in damp woodlands and bogs and ditches or at water margins: sedgesEleocharis, genus Eleocharissedges having dense spikes of flowers and leaves reduced to basal sheathsgenus Pandanustype genus of the Pandanaceae (as screw pines)Sparganium, genus Sparganiumtype and sole genus of Sparganiaceae; marsh or aquatic herbs of temperate regionsgenus Bryoniaclimbing perennial herbs: bryonygenus Luffadishcloth gourdsGoodeniaa genus of shrubs and herbs that grow in Australia and New Guinea and Malaysia and southeast Asiagenus Lobeliain some classifications considered the type genus of a separate family LobeliaceaeBartle Frere, genus Bartle-Frere, green dinosaura living fossil or so-called `green dinosaur'; genus or subfamily of primitive nut-bearing trees thought to have died out 50 million years ago; a single specimen found in 1994 on Mount Bartle Frere in eastern Australia; not yet officially namedgenus Proteatype genus of Proteaceae; tropical African shrubsgenus Banksiaimportant genus of Australian evergreen shrubs or trees with alternate leathery leaves and yellowish flowersConospermum, genus ConospermumAustralian shrubs (some trees) with flowers in dense spikes: smoke bushEmbothrium, genus Embothriumsmall genus of South American evergreen shrubs or small trees with long willowy branches and flowers in flamboyant terminal clustersgenus Grevillealarge genus of Australian shrubs and trees having usually showy orange or red flowersHakea, genus HakeaAustralian shrubs and small trees with evergreen usually spiny leaves and dense clusters of showy flowersLeucadendron, genus Leucadendronlarge genus of evergreen trees and shrubs having silvery white leaves and solitary terminal flowers with conspicuous silvery bractsgenus Lomatiasmall genus of low-growing evergreens of Chile and Australia; some yield dyesgenus Macadamiatrees or shrubs; Madagascar to AustraliaXylomelum, genus Xylomelumsmall species of Australian trees or shrubs; grown for their fruit and flowersgenus Casuarinagenus of trees and shrubs widely naturalized in southern United States and West Indies; coextensive with the family Casuarinaceae and order CasuarinalesClethra, genus Clethratype and sole genus of the Clethraceae; deciduous shrubs or small trees: white alder, summer-sweetCentaurium, genus Centauriumgenus of low-growing herbs mostly of northern hemisphere having flowers with protruding spirally twisted anthersEustoma, genus Eustomasmall genus of herbs of warm regions of southern North America to northern South AmericaFrasera, genus Fraseragenus of North American herbs: columbo; includes some species sometimes placed in genus SwertiaGentiana, genus Gentianatype genus of the Gentianaceae; cosmopolitan genus of herbs nearly cosmopolitan in cool temperate regions; in some classifications includes genera Gentianopsis and GentianellaGentianella, genus Gentianellagenus of herbs with flowers that resemble gentian; in some classifications included in genus GentianaGentianopsis, genus Gentianopsisgenus of fringed gentians; in some classifications included in genus Gentianagenus Sabbatiagenus of smooth slender North American herbs with showy flowersSalvadora, genus Salvadoragenus of evergreen trees or shrubs; fruit is a drupe; grows in Africa through Arabia to India and Chinagenus Forestieragenus of often spiny American shrubs and treesgenus ForsythiaforsythiaJasminum, genus Jasminumshrubs and woody climbers mostly of tropical and temperate Old World: jasmine; jessamineOsmanthus, genus Osmanthuswidely distributed genus of evergreen shrubs or trees of southern United States and Middle East and China and JapanSyringa, genus Syringagenus of Old World shrubs or low trees having fragrant flowers in showy panicles: lilacsAnigozanthus, genus Anigozanthusgenus of monocotyledonous plants with curious woolly flowers on sturdy stems above a fan of sword-shaped leaves; includes kangaroo's paw and Australian sword lily; sometimes placed in family AmaryllidaceaeHamamelidanthum, genus Hamamelidanthumgenus of fossil plants of the Oligocene having flowers resembling those of the witch hazel; found in Baltic regionHamamelidoxylon, genus Hamamelidoxylongenus of fossil plants having wood identical with or similar to that of the witch hazelHamamelites, genus Hamamelitesgenus of fossil plants having leaves similar to those of the witch hazelgenus Combretumtype genus of the Combretaceae: tropical and subtropical small shrubs and treesLagerstroemia, genus Lagerstroemiashrubs or small trees of tropical Asia and Africa usually with showy white, pink, or purplish flowersgenus Feijoasmall South American shrubs or treesMyrcia, Myrciaria, genus Myrciariaa genus of tropical American trees and shrubs of the myrtle familygenus Eucalyptustall trees native to the Australian region; source of timber and medicinal oils from the aromatic leavesSyzygium, genus Syzygiuma tropical evergreen tree of the myrtle family native to the East Indies but cultivated elsewheregenus Fuchsialarge genus of decorative tropical shrubs with pendulous tetramerous flowersRhizophora, genus Rhizophoratype genus of the Rhizophoraceae; a small genus of tropical trees and shrubsgenus Daphneusually evergreen Eurasian shrubsgenus Cannatype and sole genus of the Cannaceae: perennial lily-like herbs of New World tropicsgenus Marantaherbs of tropical AmericaStrelitzia, genus Strelitziasmall genus of large perennial evergreen herbs having leaves resembling those of banana plants; sometimes placed in family Musaceaegenus Ravenalawoody tropical plants with tall trunks; sometimes placed in family MusaceaeAlpinia, genus Alpinia, genus Languas, genus Zerumbetperennial rhizomatous herbs of Asia and Australia and Polynesia having ginger-scented rhizomesHelxine, Soleirolia, genus Helxine, genus Soleiroliaone species; a dwarf creeping mat-forming evergreen herbgenus Cannabishemp: genus of coarse annuals native to central Asia and widely naturalized in north temperate regions; in some classifications included in the family MoraceaeHumulus, genus Humulushops: hardy perennial vines of Europe, North America and central and eastern Asia producing a latex sap; in some classifications included in the family UrticaceaeArtocarpus, genus Artocarpusevergreen Asiatic trees now grown through the tropics: breadfruit; jackfruitCecropia, genus Cecropialarge genus of tropical American trees that yield a bast fiber used for cordage and bark used in tanning; milky juice yields caoutchoucUlmus, genus Ulmustype genus of family Ulmaceae; deciduous trees having simple serrate leaves; widely distributed in temperate regionsPlanera, genus Planeraa deciduous tree of the family Ulmaceae that grows in the southeastern United StatesTrema, genus Tremaan evergreen tree of the family Ulmaceae that grows in tropical America and Africa and AsiaLogania, genus Loganiatype genus of the Loganiaceae; Australian and New Zealand shrubs sometimes cultivated for their flowersgenus Buddleiashrubs or trees of warm regionsgenus Arecaa monocotyledonous genus of palm treesgenus Calamusdistinctive often spiny-stemmed palms found as climbers in tropical and subtropical forestgenus Corozoa monocotyledonous genus of tropical American palm treesMetroxylon, genus Metroxylona genus of Malayan pinnate-leaved palm trees that flower and fruit once and then diegenus Phoenix, phoenixa large monocotyledonous genus of pinnate-leaved palms found in Asia and AfricaRaffia, Raphia, genus Raffia, genus Raphiafeather palm of tropical Africa and Madagascar and Central and South America widely grown for commercial purposesPlantago, genus Plantagotype genus of the family Plantaginaceae; large cosmopolitan genus of mostly small herbsgenus EriogonumNorth American herbs of the buckwheat familygenus Commelinatype genus of the Commelinaceae; large genus of herbs of branching or creeping habit: day flower; widow's tearsAnanas, genus Ananasa genus of tropical American plants have sword-shaped leaves and a fleshy compound fruits composed of the fruits of several flowers (such as pineapples)Bromeliathe type genus of the family Bromeliaceae which includes tropical American plants with deeply cleft calyxTillandsia, genus Tillandsialarge genus of epiphytic or terrestrial sparse-rooting tropical plants usually forming dense clumps or pendant massesEriocaulon, genus Eriocaulontype genus of the Eriocaulaceae: rushlike aquatic or marginal perennials usually found in shallow waters of acid lakes and pools and bogsSagittaria, genus Sagittariagenus of aquatic herbs of temperate and tropical regions having sagittate or hastate leaves and white scapose flowersgenus Hydrillaone speciesPotamogeton, genus Potamogetona large genus of aquatic herbs found in quiet waters in temperate regions; leaves usually float on the waterZannichellia, genus Zannichelliahorned pondweed: completely submerged herbs; in some classifications included in PotamogetonaceaeZostera, genus Zostera(or in some classifications family Zosteraceae) small genus of widely distributed marine plantsgenus Geraniumgenus of mostly North American geraniums: cranesbillsErythroxylon, Erythroxylum, genus Erythroxylon, genus Erythroxyluma large genus of South American shrubs and small trees of the family ErythroxylaceaeBlighia, genus Blighiasmall genus of western African evergreen trees and shrubs bearing fleshy capsular three-seeded fruits edible when neither unripe nor overripeCardiospermum, genus Cardiospermumtendril-climbing herbs or shrubs whose seeds have a white heart-shaped spotgenus Harpulliagenus of tropical Asiatic and African treesgenus LitchiChinese treesMelicocca, Melicoccus, genus Melicocca, genus Melicoccustropical American trees and shrubs bearing berriesNephelium, genus Nepheliuma genus of dicotyledonous trees of the family Sapindaceae that are native to Asia and Australiagenus Pachysandraevergreen perennial procumbent subshrubs or herbsCelastrus, genus Celastrusgenus of woody vines and erect shrubs (type genus of the Celastraceae) that is native chiefly to Asia and Australia: includes bittersweetgenus Cyrillaone species: trees and shrubs having flowers with acute or twisted petals and wingless fruitDipteronia, genus Dipteroniasmall genus of large deciduous shrubs having large clusters of winged seeds that turn red as they mature; central and southern ChinaIlex, genus Ilexa large genus of dicotyledonous trees and shrubs of the family Aquifoliaceae that have small flowers and berries (including hollies)Pistacia, genus Pistaciaa dicotyledonous genus of trees of the family Anacardiaceae having drupaceous fruitRhus, genus Rhusdeciduous or evergreen shrubs and shrubby trees of temperate and subtropical North America, South Africa, eastern Asia and northeastern Australia; usually limited to nonpoisonous sumacs (see genus Toxicodendron)Schinus, genus Schinusgenus of evergreen shrubs and trees of tropical and subtropical regions of South and Central America and Canary Islands and ChinaToxicodendron, genus Toxicodendronin some classifications: comprising those members of the genus Rhus having foliage that is poisonous to the touch; of North America and northern South AmericaAesculus, genus Aesculusdeciduous trees or some shrubs of North America; southeastern Europe; eastern AsiaBumelia, genus Bumeliadeciduous or evergreen American shrubs small trees having very hard wood and milky latexgenus Styraxdeciduous or evergreen shrubs and small treesDrosera, genus Droserathe type genus of Droseraceae including many low bog-inhabiting insectivorous plantsgenus Roridulainsectivorous undershrubs of South Africa; in some classifications placed in the family DroseraceaeCrassula, genus Crassulatype genus of Crassulaceae; herbs and small shrubs having woody stems and succulent aerial partsgenus Sedumlarge genus of rock plants having thick fleshy leavesRibes, genus Ribesa flowering shrub bearing currants or gooseberries; native to northern hemispheregenus Phloxherbaceous to shrubby evergreen or deciduous annuals or perennials, diffuse (spreading) or caespitose (tufted or matted); from Alaska and western Canada to MexicoLinanthus, genus Linanthusa genus of herbs of the family Polemoniaceae; found in western United Statesgenus Anchusarough and hairy Old World herbsCynoglossum, genus Cynoglossuma large genus of tall rough herbs belonging to the family BoraginaceaeLithospermum, genus Lithospermumannual or perennial herbaceous or shrubby plants; cosmopolitan except AustraliaMertensia, genus Mertensiaa genus of herbs belonging to the family Boraginaceae that grow in temperate regions and have blue or purple flowers shaped like funnelsgenus Convolvulusgenus of mostly climbing or scrambling herbs and shrubs: bindweedgenus Dichondragenus of chiefly tropical prostrate perennial herbs with creeping stems that root at the nodesMonardella, genus Monardellaa genus of fragrant herbs of the family Labiatae in the western United StatesUtricularia, genus Utriculariabladderworts: large genus of aquatic carnivorous plants; cosmopolitan in distributionPinguicula, genus Pinguiculabutterworts: a large genus of almost stemless carnivorous bog plants; Europe and America to Antarcticagenus Genliseasmall genus of carnivorous plants of tropical African swampsgenus Martyniain some classifications includes the unicorn plantsProboscidea, genus Proboscideain some classifications included in the genus Martynia and hence the two taxonomic names for some of the unicorn plantsgenus Osmundatype genus of the OsmundaceaeSchizaea, genus Schizaeatype genus of the Schizaeaceae cosmopolitan especially in tropics; small leptosporangiate ferns: curly grass fernAnemia, genus Anemiagenus of terrestrial or lithophytic ferns having pinnatifid fronds; chiefly of tropical Americagenus Regnellidiumone species of aquatic or semiaquatic fernHelminthostachys, genus Helminthostachysone species: terrestrial fern of southeastern Asia and AustraliaNeurospora, genus Neurosporagenus of fungi with black perithecia used extensively in genetic research; includes some forms with orange spore masses that cause severe damage in bakeriesXylaria, genus Xylariatype genus of Xylariaceae; fungi with perithecia in the upper part of erect black woody stromatagenus Sclerotinialarge genus of ascomycetous fungi including various destructive plant pathogensScleroderma, genus Sclerodermagenus of poisonous fungi having hard-skinned fruiting bodies: false trufflesgenus Mucortype genus of the Mucoraceae; genus of molds having cylindrical or pear-shaped sporangia not limited in location to points where rhizoids developgenus Rhizopusa genus of rot-causing fungi having columnar hemispherical aerial sporangia anchored to the substrate by rhizoidsgenus Dictostyliumgenus of slime molds that grow on dung and decaying vegetationgenus Pythiumdestructive root-parasitic fungiPlasmodiophora, genus Plasmodiophoratype genus of Plasmodiophoraceae comprising minute plant parasitic fungi similar to and sometimes included among the slime moldsgenus Lecanoratype genus of Lecanoraceae; crustaceous lichensgenus Roccellachiefly fruticose maritime rock-inhabiting lichensUsnea, genus Usneawidely distributed lichens usually having a greyish or yellow pendulous freely branched thallusAlectoria, genus Alectorialichens having dark brown erect or pendulous much-branched cylindrical thallusCladonia, genus Cladoniatype genus of Cladoniaceae; lichens characterized by a crustose thallus and capitate fruiting bodies borne on simple or branched podetiaParmelia, genus Parmeliatype genus of the Parmeliaceae; a large genus of chiefly alpine foliaceous lichensAgaricus, genus Agaricustype genus of Agaricaceae; gill fungi having brown spores and including several edible speciesAmanita, genus Amanitagenus of widely distributed agarics that have white spores and are poisonous with few exceptionsCantharellus, genus Cantharellusa well-known genus of fungus; has funnel-shaped fruiting body; includes the chanterellesCoprinus, genus Coprinusgenus of black-spotted agarics in which the cap breaks down at maturity into an inky fluid; sometimes placed in its own family CoprinaceaeLactarius, genus Lactariuslarge genus of agarics that have white spore and contain a white or milky juice when cut or broken; includes both edible and poisonous speciesPleurotus, genus Pleurotusagarics with white spores and caps having an eccentric stem; an important mushroom of JapanPholiota, genus Pholiotagenus of gilled agarics of Europe and North America having brown spores and an annulus; grows on open ground or decaying woodRussula, genus Russulalarge genus of fungi with stout stems and white spores and neither annulus nor volva; brittle caps of red or purple or yellow or green or blue; differs from genus Lactarius in lacking milky juiceStropharia, genus Stropharia, ring-stalked fungusgenus of gill fungi with brown spores that is closely related to Agaricus; here placed in its own family StrophariaceaeEntoloma, genus Entolomaagarics with pink spores but lacking both volva and annulus (includes some that are poisonous)genus Chlorophylluma genus of fungus belonging to the family Lepiotaceaegenus Lepiotaagarics with white spores that includes several edible and poisonous mushrooms: parasol mushroomsCorticium, genus Corticiumgenus of fungi having simple smooth sporophores; some are parasitic on wood or economic crops; some species formerly placed in form genus RhizoctiniaPellicularia, genus Pelliculariagenus of fungi having the hymenium in the form of a crust; some species formerly placed in form genus RhizoctiniaTricholoma, genus Tricholomaagarics with white spores and a fleshy stalk and notched gills; of various colors both edible and inediblePluteus, genus Pluteus, roof mushrooma large genus of fungi belonging to the family Pluteaceae; the shape of the cap resembles a roof; often abundant early in the summerClitocybe, genus Clitocybea genus of agarics with white to pale yellow spore deposits and fleshy stalks centrally attached to the cap and closely attached gillsSaccharomyces, genus Saccharomycessingle-celled yeasts that reproduce asexually by budding; used to ferment carbohydratesSchizosaccharomyces, genus Schizosaccharomycestype and only genus of Schizosaccharomycetaceae; comprises the fission yeastsAspergillus, genus Aspergillusgenus of common molds causing food spoilage and some pathogenic to plants and animalsThielavia, genus Thielaviagenus of fungi having spherical brown perithecia and some conidia borne in chains; cause root rotPlectania, genus Plectaniagenus of fungi in the family Pezizaceae closely related to and often included in genus Pezizagenus Helvellatype genus of the Helvellaceaegenus Discinaa genus of fungi of the family Helvellaceae with a cup-shaped or saucer-shaped fruiting body and ornamented sporesgenus Gyromitraa genus of fungi of the family Helvellaceae with a fertile portion that is tan to brownPhallales, order Phallalesorder of fungi comprising the stinkhorns and related forms whose mature hymenium is slimy and fetid; sometimes placed in subclass HomobasidiomycetesDictyophera, genus Dictyopheraclosely related to genus Phallus distinguished by an indusium hanging like a skirt from below the pileusLycoperdon, genus Lycoperdongenus of fungi whose fruiting body tapers toward a base consisting of spongy myceliumCalvatia, genus Calvatiagenus of puffballs having outer casings whose upper parts break at maturity into angular pieces to expose the sporesGeastrum, genus Geastrumtype genus of Geastraceae; fungi whose outer peridium when dry splits into starlike segmentsMacowanites, genus Macowanitesa stout-stemmed genus of fungus belonging to the family Secotiaceae having fruiting bodies that never expand completelyGastroboletus, genus Gastroboletusa genus of fungi belonging to the family Secotiaceae; they resemble boletes but the spores are not discharged from the basidiumPolyporus, genus Polyporustype genus of the Polyporaceae; includes important pathogens of e.g. birches and conifersFomes, genus Fomesgenus of bracket fungi forming corky or woody perennial shelflike sporophores often of large size; includes some that cause destructive heartrot in treesBoletus, genus Boletustype genus of Boletaceae; genus of soft early-decaying pore fungi; some poisonous and some edibleTremella, genus Tremellafungi with yellowish gelatinous sporophores having convolutions resembling those of the brainDacrymyces, genus Dacrymycestype genus of the Dacrymycetaceae: fungi with a bifurcate basidium that lacks septaCronartium, genus Cronartiumrust fungi having aecia produced in raised or swollen sori and teliospores borne in waxy columnsPuccinia, genus Pucciniatype genus of the Pucciniaceae; a large genus of parasitic fungi including many that are destructive to various economic plantsGymnosporangium, genus Gymnosporangiumgenus of fungi that produce galls on cedars and other conifers of genera Juniperus and Libocedrus and causes rust spots on apples and pears and other plants of family RosaceaeSeptobasidium, genus Septobasidiumtype genus of Septobasidiaceae: smooth shelf fungi usually having a well-developed sometimes thick-walled hypobasidiumCortinarius, genus Cortinariusthe largest genus in the Agaricales; agarics having rusty spores and prominent cortinae (cobwebby partial veils)Gymnopilus, genus Gymnopilusa genus of fungus characterized by the orange color of the spore depositgenus Verticilliumgenus of imperfect fungi having conidia borne singly at the apex of whorled branchlets; cause wilt diseasesTrichophyton, genus Trichophytona genus of fungus of the family Moniliaceae; causes ringworm and favusgenus Moniliagenus of parasitic yeastlike imperfect fungi having spherical or oval conidia in branched chains; some species usually placed in other genera especially genus Candidagenus Candidaa genus of yeastlike imperfect fungi; sometimes included in genus Monilia of the family MoniliaceaeCercosporella, genus Cercosporellaform genus of imperfect fungi lacking pigment in the spores and conidiophoresPenicillium, genus Penicilliumgenus of fungi commonly growing as green or blue molds on decaying food; used in making cheese and as a source of penicillinCercospora, genus Cercosporaform genus of imperfect fungi that are leaf parasites with long slender sporesTubercularia, genus Tuberculariatype genus of the Tuberculariaceae; fungi with nodules of red or pink conidia; some cause diebacks of woody plantsgenus Fusariuma form genus of mostly plant parasites some of which cause dry rot; in humans a species can cause inflammation of cornea leading to blindnessform genus Rhizoctinia, genus Rhizoctiniaform genus of imperfect fungi some species of which are now placed in genera Pellicularia and Corticium because their perfect stages have been foundSclerotium, genus Sclerotiumform genus of sterile imperfect fungi; many form sclerotia; some cause sclerotium disease in plantsColubrina, genus Colubrinamostly tropical American shrubs or small trees with small yellowish flowers and yellow or red fruitsVitis, genus Vitisthe type genus of the family Vitaceae; woody vines with simple leaves and small flowers; includes a wide variety of grapesgenus Peperomialarge genus of small tropical usually succulent herbsGleichenia, genus Gleicheniatype genus of Gleicheniaceae: leptosporangiate ferns with sessile sporangia; South Africa to Malaysia and New ZealandPolypodium, genus Polypodiuma genus of ferns belonging to the family Polypodiaceae and having rounded naked soriDrynaria, genus Drynarialarge robust epiphytic ferns of tropical forest and scrub; Africa and Asia and Australiagenus Lecanopterisepiphytic ferns of southeastern Asia to New GuineaMicrosorium, genus Microsoriumtropical usually epiphytic ferns; Africa to Asia and Polynesia to AustraliaSolanopteris, genus Solanopteristropical American epiphytic ferns having rhizomes with tubers and roots as well as scalesCyclophorus, genus Cyclophorustropical Old World ferns having closely crowded circular sori and no indusiaCamptosorus, genus Camptosorusclassification used in some especially former systems for plants usually placed in genus AspleniumCeterach, genus Ceterachsmall genus of Old World ferns; superseded in some classification systems which place plants of this genus in e.g. genera Asplenium and PleurosorusPleurosorus, genus Pleurosorussmall genus comprising terrestrial ferns; found in Chile and Spain and Morocco and Australia and New ZealandPhyllitis, genus Phyllitis, genus Scolopendriuma genus of ferns belonging to the family Polypodiaceae (in some classification systems included in genus Asplenium)Blechnum, genus Blechnumin some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae; terrestrial ferns of cosmopolitan distribution mainly in southern hemisphere: hard fernsDoodia, genus Doodiain some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae; small terrestrial colony-forming ferns of AustralasiaSadleria, genus Sadlerialow tree ferns with large fronds; in rain forests and on lava flows of Hawaiian IslandsStenochlaena, genus Stenochlaenalarge tropical ferns; some epiphytic climbers and some terrestrial bog ferns; Africa; Asia; AustralasiaWoodwardia, genus Woodwardiain some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae: chain fernsCyathea, genus Cyatheatype genus of the Cyatheaceae: tree ferns of the tropical rain forest to temperate woodlandsgenus DavalliaOld World tropical fern; in some classification systems placed directly in family PolypodiaceaeDennstaedtia, genus Dennstaedtiachiefly terrestrial ferns; in some classification systems placed in family PolypodiaceaeDicksonia, genus Dicksoniatree ferns of temperate Australasia having bipinnatifid or tripinnatifid fronds and usually marginal sori; in some classification systems placed in family CyatheaceaeCibotium, genus Cibotiumin some classification systems placed in family Cyatheaceae: ornamental tree ferns with coarse gracefully drooping frondsCulcita, genus Culcitaincludes some plants usually placed in e.g. genus Dicksonia: terrestrial ferns resembling bracken; tropical America; Malaysia to Australia and Polynesia; southwestern Europe and Atlantic islandsgenus Thyrsopterisone speciesDryopteris, genus Dryopterislarge widespread genus of medium-sized terrestrial ferns; in some classification systems placed in PolypodiaceaeAthyrium, genus Athyriumtemperate and tropical lady ferns; in some classifications placed in family Polypodiaceae or in the genus AspleniumCyrtomium, genus Cyrtomiumsmall genus of tropical Asiatic greenhouse ferns; in some classifications placed in PolypodiaceaeCystopteris, genus Cystopterischiefly small perennial rock ferns: bladder ferns; in some classifications placed in PolypodiaceaeDeparia, genus Depariaclassification used for 5 species of terrestrial ferns usually placed in other generaGymnocarpium, genus Gymnocarpiumoak ferns: in some classification systems included in genus ThelypterisMatteuccia, Pteretis, genus Matteuccia, genus Pteretissmall genus sometimes included in genus Onoclea; in some classifications both genera are placed in PolypodiaceaeOnoclea, genus Onocleaone species: sensitive fern; in some classifications included in PolypodiaceaePolybotria, Polybotrya, genus Polybotria, genus Polybotryatropical American ferns; usually terrestrial when young but scandent laterPolystichum, genus Polystichumsmall to medium-sized terrestrial ferns especially holly ferns; in some classification systems placed in Polypodiaceaegenus Woodsiagenus of small to medium-sized usually rock-inhabiting ferns of temperate and cold regions; in some classification systems placed in PolypodiaceaeBolbitis, genus Bolbitisterrestrial or less than normally scandent ferns of tropical regions of northern hemisphereAdiantum, genus Adiantumcosmopolitan genus of ferns: maidenhair ferns; in some classification systems placed in family Polypodiaceae or AdiantaceaeCheilanthes, genus Cheilanthessmall evergreen ferns: lipferns; in some classifications placed in family Polypodiaceae or AdiantaceaeDoryopteris, genus Doryopterissmall to medium tropical tufted ferns; sometimes placed in family AdiantaceaeOnychium, genus Onychiumsmall terrestrial ferns of Old World tropics and subtropics: clawed ferns; sometimes placed in family CryptogrammataceaePellaea, genus Pellaeagenus of chiefly small rock-loving ferns; in some classification systems it is placed in the family Polypodiaceae or AdiantaceaePityrogramma, genus Pityrogrammaterrestrial tropical ferns having fronds with powdery yellowish or white undersides; sometimes placed in family Polypodiaceae or AdiantaceaePteris, genus Pterislarge genus of terrestrial ferns of tropics and subtropics; sometimes placed in family PolypodiaceaeMarattia, genus Marattiatype genus of the Marattiaceae: ferns having the sporangia fused together in two rowsgenus Angiopterisone species: tree ferngenus Psilophytontype genus of the Psilophytaceae: genus of small wiry herbaceous Paleozoic plants with underground rhizomes and apical sporangiaRhynia, genus Rhyniatype genus of the Rhyniaceae; small leafless dichotomously branching fossil plants with terminal sporangia and smooth branching rhizomesHorneophyton, genus HorneophytonDevonian fossil plant considered one of the earliest forms of vascular land plants; similar to genus Rhynia but smallerLycopodium, genus Lycopodiumtype and sole genus of the Lycopodiaceae; erect or creeping evergreen plants often used for Christmas decorationsSelaginella, genus Selaginellatype and sole genus of the Selaginellaceae; evergreen moss-like plants: spike moss and little club mossIsoetes, genus Isoetestype and genus of the Isoetaceae and sole extant genus of the order IsoetalesThelypteris, genus Thelypterismarsh ferns: in some classification systems considered part of genus Dryopteris in family Dryopteridaceaegenus Christellamedium to large terrestrial ferns of tropical forests of Old World to AmericasCyclosorus, genus Cyclosorussmall genus of terrestrial ferns of tropical and subtropical southern hemisphereGoniopteris, genus Goniopteristerrestrial ferns of Florida and West Indies to Central and South AmericaMacrothelypteris, genus Macrothelypterismedium to large terrestrial ferns of tropical Asia to Polynesia and Australia; naturalized in AmericasOreopteris, genus Oreopteris3 species of ferns formerly included in genus Dryopteris or ThelypterisParathelypteris, genus Parathelypteristerrestrial ferns of warm and tropical Asia and North AmericaPhegopteris, genus Phegopterisbeech ferns: genus is variously classified: considered alternative name for genus Dryopteris or included in genus ThelypterisArmillaria, genus Armillariagenus of edible mushrooms having white spores an annulus and blue juice; some are edible; some cause root rotArmillariella, genus Armillariellaa honey-colored diminutive form of genus Armillaria; grows in clusters; edible (when cooked) but most attention has been on how to get rid of itgenus Cynancumgenus of perennial tropical African lianasgenus Hoyalarge genus of climbing shrubs of Australia and Asia and PolynesiaSarcostemma, genus Sarcostemmasucculent subshrubs or vines; tropical and subtropical India and Africa and Malaysiagenus Stapeliagenus of foul-smelling plants resembling cacti; found from Africa to East Indiagenus Stephanotisgenus of Old World tropical woody vinesVincetoxicum, genus Vincetoxicumgenus of chiefly tropical American vines having cordate leaves and large purple or greenish cymose flowers; supposedly having powers as an antidotetype of:
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a class of things with common characteristics
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Charles Darwin expounded his theories on evolution in "The Origin of Species by Natural Selection." Learn the essential terms from his enduring work, originally published in 1859.
We the People: Gen
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