World History: 11. The Islamic World and South Asia, Lessons 3–5

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Full list of words from this list:

words only definitions & notes
  1. devotion
    commitment to some purpose
    A second factor was the ability and devotion of Muslim warriors.
  2. caliph
    the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state
    After Muhammad died, rulers called caliphs led the Muslim community and empire. In Arabic, caliph means "successor," as in a successor to Muhammad.
  3. dynasty
    a sequence of powerful leaders in the same family
    A dynasty is a family that passes down political power from one relative to another.
  4. sultan
    the ruler of a Muslim country
    The leaders of many of these states called themselves sultans, or rulers of Muslim states.
  5. circumstance
    a condition that accompanies some event or activity
    It is the patience, self-denial and thrift of the Turkish soldier that enable him to face the most trying circumstances and come safely out of the dangers that surround him.
  6. textile
    artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting fibers
    Muslim civilization gained fame for its fine textiles, or woven fabric.
  7. emphasize
    stress or single out as important
    Rumi practiced Sufism, which emphasized controlling one's desires.
  8. concept
    an abstract or general idea inferred from specific instances
    Arab mathematicians used a decimal system based on Indian numerals (sometimes called Hindu numerals). This system included the concept of zero.
  9. numeral
    a symbol used to represent a quantity
    We call the symbols that we use for numbers today (0, 1, 2, 3,...9) Arabic numerals because it came to Europe from the Arab world.
  10. calligraphy
    beautiful handwriting
    Calligraphy is the art of decorative writing.
  11. maritime
    bordering on or living near the sea
    Key maritime, or sea-related, trading networks connected different cultures and empires across the Indian Ocean.
  12. adherent
    someone who believes and helps to spread a doctrine
    Many adherents of Buddhism made pilgrimages to Buddhist holy sites.
  13. advocate
    speak, plead, or argue in favor of
    He treated Hindus with respect and advocated religious tolerance.
Created on Thu Jul 01 15:48:35 EDT 2021 (updated Thu Jul 01 18:12:11 EDT 2021)

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