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Middlemarch: Book 4

This classic novel traces the intersecting lives of residents of an English village in the early 19th century. Read the full text here.

Here are links to our lists for the novel: Prelude–Book 1, Book 2, Book 3, Book 4, Book 5, Book 6, Book 7, Book 8–Finale
40 words 11 learners

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Full list of words from this list:

  1. prosaic
    not challenging; dull and lacking excitement
    In the prosaic neighborhood of Middlemarch, May was not always warm and sunny, and on this particular morning a chill wind was blowing the blossoms from the surrounding gardens on to the green mounds of Lowick churchyard.
  2. trappings
    ornaments; embellishments to or characteristic signs of
    There were pall-bearers on horseback, with the richest scarfs and hatbands, and even the under-bearers had trappings of woe which were of a good well-priced quality.
  3. lien
    the right to take and hold the property of a debtor
    Mr. Casaubon was out of the question, not merely because he declined duty of this sort, but because Featherstone had an especial dislike to him as the rector of his own parish, who had a lien on the land in the shape of tithe, also as the deliverer of morning sermons, which the old man, being in his pew and not at all sleepy, had been obliged to sit through with an inward snarl.
  4. surplice
    a loose-fitting ecclesiastical vestment with wide sleeves
    Do look at Humphrey: one might fancy him an ugly archangel towering above them in his white surplice.
  5. fodder
    coarse food composed of plants or leaves and stalks
    When the animals entered the Ark in pairs, one may imagine that allied species made much private remark on each other, and were tempted to think that so many forms feeding on the same store of fodder were eminently superfluous, as tending to diminish the rations.
  6. goodly
    large in size, amount, or degree
    The long-recognized blood-relations and connections by marriage made already a goodly number, which, multiplied by possibilities, presented a fine range for jealous conjecture and pathetic hopefulness.
  7. saturnine
    showing a brooding ill humor
    The two cousins were elderly men from Brassing, one of them conscious of claims on the score of inconvenient expense sustained by him in presents of oysters and other eatables to his rich cousin Peter; the other entirely saturnine, leaning his hands and chin on a stick, and conscious of claims based on no narrow performance but on merit generally: both blameless citizens of Brassing, who wished that Jonah Featherstone did not live there.
  8. recourse
    act of turning to for assistance
    Mary Garth, discerning his distress in the twitchings of his mouth, and his recourse to a cough, came cleverly to his rescue by asking him to change seats with her, so that he got into a shadowy corner.
  9. bequeath
    leave or give, especially by will after one's death
    And at the sound of the first “give and bequeath” she could see all complexions changing subtly, as if some faint vibration were passing through them, save that of Mr. Rigg.
  10. aberration
    a disorder in one's mental state
    “I never noticed any alienation of mind—any aberration of intellect in the late Mr. Featherstone,” said Borthrop Trumbull, “but I call this will eccentric..."
  11. farcical
    broadly or extravagantly humorous
    The gold-headed cane is farcical considered as an acknowledgment to me; but happily I am above mercenary considerations.
  12. caprice
    a sudden desire
    And all this was to have come without study or other inconvenience, purely by the favor of providence in the shape of an old gentleman’s caprice.
  13. bluster
    act in an arrogant, overly self-assured, or conceited manner
    Apart from his dinners and his coursing, Mr. Vincy, blustering as he was, had as little of his own way as if he had been a prime minister: the force of circumstances was easily too much for him, as it is for most pleasure-loving florid men; and the circumstance called Rosamond was particularly forcible by means of that mild persistence which, as we know, enables a white soft living substance to make its way in spite of opposing rock.
  14. gossamer
    characterized by unusual lightness and delicacy
    Young love-making—that gossamer web! Even the points it clings to—the things whence its subtle interlacings are swung—are scarcely perceptible: momentary touches of fingertips, meetings of rays from blue and dark orbs, unfinished phrases, lightest changes of cheek and lip, faintest tremors.
  15. paucity
    an insufficient quantity or number
    Any inward debate Lydgate had as to the consequences of this engagement which had stolen upon him, turned on the paucity of time rather than of money.
  16. trenchant
    having keenness and forcefulness and penetration in thought
    He had to be deferential when Mr. Vincy decided questions with trenchant ignorance, especially as to those liquors which were the best inward pickle, preserving you from the effects of bad air.
  17. recreant
    lacking even the rudiments of courage; abjectly fearful
    With the glow-worm lights of country places, how could men see which were their own thoughts in the confusion of a Tory Ministry passing Liberal measures, of Tory nobles and electors being anxious to return Liberals rather than friends of the recreant Ministers, and of outcries for remedies which seemed to have a mysteriously remote bearing on private interest, and were made suspicious by the advocacy of disagreeable neighbors?
  18. germinal
    containing seeds of later development
    The “Pioneer” had been secretly bought even before Will Ladislaw’s arrival, the expected opportunity having offered itself in the readiness of the proprietor to part with a valuable property which did not pay; and in the interval since Mr. Brooke had written his invitation, those germinal ideas of making his mind tell upon the world at large which had been present in him from his younger years, but had hitherto lain in some obstruction, had been sprouting under cover.
  19. prodigality
    excessive spending
    Will had—to use Sir Thomas Browne’s phrase—a “passionate prodigality” of statement both to himself and others.
  20. reticence
    the trait of being uncommunicative
    Will’s want of reticence might have been met with more severity, if he had not already been recommended to her mercy by her husband’s dislike, which must seem hard to her till she saw better reason for it.
  21. ennui
    the feeling of being bored by something tedious
    That was an unpropitious hour for coming home: it was too early to gain the moral support under ennui of dressing his person for dinner, and too late to undress his mind of the day’s frivolous ceremony and affairs, so as to be prepared for a good plunge into the serious business of study.
  22. incumbent
    necessary as a duty or responsibility; morally binding
    Mrs. Casaubon informs me that a proposal has been made to you...which I am justified in saying touches my own position in such a way as renders it not only natural and warrantable in me when that effect is viewed under the influence of legitimate feeling, but incumbent on me when the same effect is considered in the light of my responsibilities, to state at once that your acceptance of the proposal above indicated would be highly offensive to me.
  23. proviso
    a stipulated condition
    And now she began to think of her husband’s will, which had been made at the time of their marriage, leaving the bulk of his property to her, with proviso in case of her having children.
  24. compunction
    a feeling of deep regret, usually for some misdeed
    Alarm at the possible effect on himself of her husband’s strongly manifested anger, would have checked any expression of her own resentment, even if she had been quite free from doubt and compunction under the consciousness that there might be some justice in his last insinuation.
  25. ague
    chills and fever that are symptomatic of malaria
    “He may do that afterwards,” said Mrs. Cadwallader—“when he has come out on the other side of the mud with an ague.”
  26. factotum
    a servant employed to do a variety of jobs
    But I have been talking to this young Ladislaw that Brooke is making a factotum of. Ladislaw seems clever enough for anything.
  27. attache
    a specialist assigned to the staff of a diplomatic mission
    “Why didn’t he use his interest to get Ladislaw made an attache or sent to India? That is how families get rid of troublesome sprigs.”
  28. carte blanche
    complete freedom or authority to act
    “I agree with you. If I were Brooke, I would choke the ‘Trumpet’ at once by getting Garth to make a new valuation of the farms, and giving him carte blanche about gates and repairs: that’s my view of the political situation,” said the Rector, broadening himself by sticking his thumbs in his armholes, and laughing towards Mr. Brooke.
  29. vexation
    anger produced by some annoying irritation
    He felt an odd mixture of delight and vexation: of delight that he could dwell and be cherished in her thought as in a pure home, without suspicion and without stint—of vexation because he was of too little account with her, was not formidable enough, was treated with an unhesitating benevolence which did not flatter him.
  30. plaintively
    in a manner expressing sorrow
    “Poor child! I wish she could stay at home with us, Susan,” said Caleb, looking plaintively at his wife.
  31. flippant
    showing an inappropriate lack of seriousness
    “It is rather too bad of Fred to repeat my flippant speeches to Mr. Farebrother.”
  32. mince
    walk daintily
    If you want to know more particularly how Mary looked, ten to one you will see a face like hers in the crowded street to-morrow, if you are there on the watch: she will not be among those daughters of Zion who are haughty, and walk with stretched-out necks and wanton eyes, mincing as they go: let all those pass, and fix your eyes on some small plump brownish person of firm but quiet carriage, who looks about her, but does not suppose that anybody is looking at her.
  33. victual
    any substance that can be used as food
    Do you think I mean to forget your kicking me when I was a lad, and eating all the best victual away from me and my mother?
  34. nonplussed
    filled with bewilderment
    “That’s a pity, now, Josh,” said Raffles, affecting to scratch his head and wrinkle his brows upward as if he were nonplussed.
  35. expiation
    the act of atoning for sin or wrongdoing
    She nursed him, she read to him, she anticipated his wants, and was solicitous about his feelings; but there had entered into the husband’s mind the certainty that she judged him, and that her wifely devotedness was like a penitential expiation of unbelieving thoughts—was accompanied with a power of comparison by which himself and his doings were seen too luminously as a part of things in general.
  36. quixotic
    not sensible about practical matters
    She is ready prey to any man who knows how to play adroitly either on her affectionate ardor or her Quixotic enthusiasm; and a man stands by with that very intention in his mind—a man with no other principle than transient caprice, and who has a personal animosity towards me...
  37. vagary
    an unexpected and inexplicable change in something
    In religion he could be, as long as it suited him, the facile echo of Dorothea’s vagaries.
  38. dirge
    a song or hymn of mourning as a memorial to a dead person
    It was a lovely afternoon; the leaves from the lofty limes were falling silently across the sombre evergreens, while the lights and shadows slept side by side: there was no sound but the cawing of the rooks, which to the accustomed ear is a lullaby, or that last solemn lullaby, a dirge.
  39. emaciated
    very thin, especially from disease or hunger or cold
    Lydgate, conscious of an energetic frame in its prime, felt some compassion when the figure which he was likely soon to overtake turned round, and in advancing towards him showed more markedly than ever the signs of premature age—the student’s bent shoulders, the emaciated limbs, and the melancholy lines of the mouth.
  40. litany
    a prayer consisting of a series of invocations by the priest with responses from the congregation
    It cost her a litany of pictured sorrows and of silent cries that she might be the mercy for those sorrows—but the resolved submission did come; and when the house was still, and she knew that it was near the time when Mr. Casaubon habitually went to rest, she opened her door gently and stood outside in the darkness waiting for his coming up-stairs with a light in his hand.
Created on Mon Feb 22 12:16:17 EST 2021 (updated Tue Apr 06 10:53:23 EDT 2021)

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