Plants (Botany) - Middle School

Whether you have a green thumb or not, you'll be an expert on plants once you study this list of words related to botany. Your vocabulary will blossom as you learn about pollination, leaf structure, photosynthesis, and more.
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Full list of words from this list:

words only definitions & notes
  1. angiosperm
    plants having seeds in a closed ovary
  2. annual ring
    an annual formation of wood in plants as they grow
  3. anther
    the part of the stamen that contains pollen
  4. autotroph
    an organism capable of synthesizing its own food
  5. auxin
    a plant hormone that promotes root formation and bud growth
  6. bark
    tough protective covering of trees
  7. bulb
    a tear-shaped plant structure from which a new plant grows
  8. cambium
    a formative one-cell layer of tissue between xylem and phloem in most vascular plants that is responsible for secondary growth
  9. carbon dioxide
    a colorless, odorless greenhouse gas essential for photosynthesis
  10. cell
    the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
  11. cell wall
    a rigid layer of polysaccharides enclosing a plant membrane
  12. chlorophyll
    any of green pigments found in photosynthetic organisms
  13. chloroplast
    organelle in which photosynthesis takes place
  14. cone
    tapering mass of ovule- or spore-bearing scales or bracts
  15. conifer
    a type of tree or shrub bearing cones
  16. cotyledon
    embryonic leaf in seed-bearing plants
  17. dicot
    flowering plant with two cotyledons
  18. dormant
    in a condition of biological rest or suspended animation
  19. embryo
    a minute rudimentary plant contained within a seed
  20. eukaryote
    an organism of one or more cells with membrane-bound nuclei
  21. fern
    a flowerless, seedless plant with fronds that uncurl upward
  22. filament
    the stalk of a stamen
  23. flower
    reproductive organ of plants especially if showy or colorful
  24. frond
    compound leaf of a fern or palm or cycad
  25. fruit
    the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant
  26. gametophyte
    the gamete-bearing individual or phase in the life cycle of a plant having alternation of generations
  27. germinate
    cause to grow or sprout
  28. germination
    the process whereby seeds or spores sprout and begin to grow
  29. gymnosperm
    plants of the class Gymnospermae having seeds not enclosed in an ovary
  30. herbaceous
    characteristic of a nonwoody herb or plant part
  31. leaf
    the collective amount of leaves of one or more plants
  32. monocot
    a monocotyledonous flowering plant
  33. moss
    tiny leafy-stemmed flowerless plants
  34. multicellular
    consisting of many basic structural and functional units
  35. nonvascular plant
    any of numerous plants of the division Bryophyta
  36. ovule
    a small body that contains the female germ cell of a plant
  37. oxygen
    a colorless, odorless gas that is essential for respiration
  38. phloem
    plant tissue that conducts synthesized food substances
  39. photosynthesis
    formation of compounds in plants aided by radiant energy
  40. phototropism
    an organism's orienting response to light
  41. pistil
    the female, ovule-bearing part of a flower
  42. pollen
    fine spores produced by flowers to fertilize other flowers
  43. pollination
    transfer of the fine spores that contain male gametes
  44. respiration
    process converting nutrients into energy in a cell
  45. rhizoid
    any of various slender filaments that function as roots in mosses and ferns and fungi etc
  46. rhizome
    a horizontal plant stem with shoots above and roots below serving as a reproductive structure
  47. root
    underground plant organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes
  48. root cap
    thimble-shaped mass of cells covering and protecting the growing tip of a root
  49. root hair
    thin hairlike outgrowth of an epidermal cell just behind the tip; absorbs nutrients from the soil
  50. seed
    small, hard part of a plant from which a new plant can grow
  51. seedling
    young plant or tree grown from a seed
  52. seed plant
    plant that reproduces by means of seeds not spores
  53. sepal
    one of the green parts that form the calyx of a flower
  54. spore
    a small usually single-celled asexual reproductive body produced by many nonflowering plants and fungi and some bacteria and protozoans and that are capable of developing into a new individual without sexual fusion
  55. sporophyte
    the spore-producing individual or phase in the life cycle of a plant having alternation of generations
  56. stamen
    the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower
  57. stem
    a slender or elongated structure that supports a plant
  58. stigma
    the apical end of the style where pollen enters the pistil
  59. stoma
    a pore in a plant through which gases and vapor can pass
  60. style
    the narrow part of the pistil between the ovary and stigma
  61. taproot
    main root of a plant growing straight downward from the stem
  62. thorn
    a small sharp-pointed tip resembling a spike on a stem or leaf
  63. tissue
    part of an organism consisting of an aggregate of cells
  64. transpiration
    the emission of water vapor from the leaves of plants
  65. tropism
    an involuntary orienting response
  66. tuber
    a fleshy underground stem or root, often used as food
  67. vacuole
    a tiny cavity filled with fluid in the cytoplasm of a cell
  68. vascular plant
    green plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms
  69. vascular tissue
    tissue that conducts water and nutrients through the plant body in higher plants
  70. xylem
    plant tissue that conducts water and dissolved nutrients
Created on Tue Jan 24 10:26:11 EST 2017 (updated Fri Mar 31 10:20:28 EDT 2017)

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