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"Ten Freaky Forces of Nature"

by Douglas E. Richards

You can read the National Geographic article here:
http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/kids/stories/spacescience/freaky-forces-of-nature/ .
42 words 320 learners

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Full list of words from this list:

  1. major
    of greater seriousness or danger
    A major earthquake can topple huge buildings and bring down entire mountainsides.
  2. topple
    cause to tumble by pushing
    A major earthquake can topple huge buildings and bring down entire mountainsides.
  3. gallon
    United States liquid unit equal to 4 quarts or 3.785 liters
    At Niagara Falls, more than 500,000 gallons (1,892,705 liters) of water crash down 18 stories into the Niagara River every second—enough to fill nearly 50 Olympic-size swimming pools in a minute!
  4. blizzard
    a weather event with widespread snowfall and strong winds
    And everyone knows about hurricanes, blizzards, avalanches, forest fires, floods, tidal waves, and even thunderstorms.
  5. avalanche
    a slide of large masses of snow, ice and mud down a mountain
    And everyone knows about hurricanes, blizzards, avalanches, forest fires, floods, tidal waves, and even thunderstorms.
  6. flood
    the rising of a body of water and its overflowing onto land
    And everyone knows about hurricanes, blizzards, avalanches, forest fires, floods, tidal waves, and even thunderstorms.
  7. occur
    come to pass
    This beautiful effect occurs when charged particles, shot past the Earth by the sun at more than a million miles an hour (1,609,344,000 kilometers an hour), are caught in the Earth's magnetic field and funneled to the Poles.
  8. classify
    arrange or order by categories
    Scientists classify tornadoes by the damage they can do.
  9. damage
    the act of harming something or someone
    Scientists classify tornadoes by the damage they can do.
  10. recent
    of the immediate past or just previous to the present time
    A recent investigation concluded that they were caught in a hailstorm that dropped chunks of ice the size of baseballs on the victims' heads at more than 100 miles an hour (160 kilometers an hour).
  11. investigation
    an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities
    A recent investigation concluded that they were caught in a hailstorm that dropped chunks of ice the size of baseballs on the victims' heads at more than 100 miles an hour (160 kilometers an hour).
  12. conclude
    bring to a close
    A recent investigation concluded that they were caught in a hailstorm that dropped chunks of ice the size of baseballs on the victims' heads at more than 100 miles an hour (160 kilometers an hour).
  13. victim
    an unfortunate person who suffers from adverse circumstances
    A recent investigation concluded that they were caught in a hailstorm that dropped chunks of ice the size of baseballs on the victims' heads at more than 100 miles an hour (160 kilometers an hour).
  14. hail
    precipitation of ice pellets
    Hail is formed in storms when raindrops are carried into extremely cold areas of the atmosphere by powerful vertical winds.
  15. atmosphere
    the mass of air surrounding the Earth
    When these particles hit gases in our atmosphere, the gases give off light.
  16. vast
    unusually great in size or amount or extent or scope
    Vast glowing rings, called auroras, often appear far above the North and South Poles.
  17. region
    the extended spatial location of something
    People who live near polar regions see the auroras as giant curtains of shimmering light in a variety of colors.
  18. shimmer
    shine with a weak or fitful light
    People who live near polar regions see the auroras as giant curtains of shimmering light in a variety of colors.
  19. funnel
    move or pour through a conical shape with openings
    This beautiful effect occurs when charged particles, shot past the Earth by the sun at more than a million miles an hour (1,609,344,000 kilometers an hour), are caught in the Earth's magnetic field and funneled to the Poles.
  20. resident
    someone who lives at a particular place for a long period
    Small frogs rained on a town in Serbia, sending residents running for cover.
  21. local
    of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular area
    "There were thousands of them," a villager told a local newspaper.
  22. marsh
    low-lying wet land with grassy vegetation
    Scientists believe that waterspouts and tornadoes can suck up the surfaces and lakes, marshes, and other bodies of water.
  23. weather
    atmospheric conditions such as temperature and precipitation
    Wildfires are so powerful they can create their own weather.
  24. consume
    use up, as resources or materials
    As these fires burn, they consume huge quantities of oxygen.
  25. quantity
    how much there is or how many there are of something
    As these fires burn, they consume huge quantities of oxygen.
  26. intense
    possessing a distinctive feature to a heightened degree
    The intense heat causes the air to rise.
  27. whirl
    the shape of something rotating rapidly
    These flame-throwing tornadoes, called fire whirls, can be 50 feet (15 meters) wide and grow as tall as a 40-story building.
  28. volcano
    a fissure in the earth's crust through which gases erupt
    When a volcano erupts, a glowing sea of molten lava often flows down its sides, destroying everything in its path.
  29. erupt
    become active and spew forth lava and rocks
    When a volcano erupts, a glowing sea of molten lava often flows down its sides, destroying everything in its path.
  30. molten
    reduced to liquid form by heating
    When a volcano erupts, a glowing sea of molten lava often flows down its sides, destroying everything in its path.
  31. vent
    a hole for the escape of gas, air, or liquid
    Vents on the ocean floor, more than a mile (1.6 kilometers) below the surface, gush what looks like clouds of black smoke.
  32. seep
    pass gradually or leak or as if through small openings
    These underwater hot springs, called hydrothermal vents, occur when water seeps through cracks in the ocean floor after being heated by magma inside the Earth.
  33. scald
    burn with a hot liquid or steam
    The scalding water can shoot back into the cold ocean at temperatures hotter than 700 degrees Fahrenheit (371 degrees Celsius), carrying a black or white stew of dissolved rock and chemicals.
  34. dissolve
    pass into a solution
    The scalding water can shoot back into the cold ocean at temperatures hotter than 700 degrees Fahrenheit (371 degrees Celsius), carrying a black or white stew of dissolved rock and chemicals.
  35. chemical
    material produced by changes in atoms or molecules
    These life-forms rely on millions of bacteria inside them to turn poisonous chemicals rising from the seafloor into food.
  36. bizarre
    conspicuously or grossly unconventional or unusual
    Amazingly, these vents support large communities of bizarre sea creatures.
  37. rely
    have confidence or faith in
    These life-forms rely on millions of bacteria inside them to turn poisonous chemicals rising from the seafloor into food.
  38. hover
    hang in the air; fly or be suspended above
    It hovers a few feet above the ground, drops down, dances across the yard, and then darts up into the air before it fades away.
  39. phenomenon
    any state or process known through the senses
    This freaky phenomenon is ball lightning.
  40. vaporize
    turn into gas
    Some scientists think that when normal lightning strikes the ground, it vaporizes a mineral called silicon found in soil.
  41. mineral
    a solid inorganic substance occurring in nature
    Some scientists think that when normal lightning strikes the ground, it vaporizes a mineral called silicon found in soil.
  42. soil
    material in the top layer of the surface of the earth
    Some scientists think that when normal lightning strikes the ground, it vaporizes a mineral called silicon found in soil.
Created on Wed Feb 22 14:51:45 EST 2012 (updated Wed Feb 22 15:06:57 EST 2012)

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