Uppercase letters are capitalized, like the uppercase "T" in "Texas" and the uppercase "B" and "R" in "Betsy Ross."
You can also call uppercase letters capitals, caps, or if you want to be really formal, majuscules. In English, we use uppercase for so-called proper nouns, things like people's names (like Ruth Bader Ginsberg), place names (like Saskatchewan), formal titles (like Dr. Patel), and the the names of movies and books (like Pride and Prejudice). The first word in each sentence also begins with an uppercase letter. These letters are slightly taller than their lowercase counterparts.