Other forms: homesteaders
Starting in the late 1860s, someone who settled on Western land was known as a homesteader. After farming it for a certain length of time, homesteaders gained ownership of the land.
The term homesteader started with the Homestead Act of 1862, which encouraged independent farmers and families to claim land west of the Mississippi River. Homesteaders were granted 160 acres of land to "improve" over five years. Settlers benefitted from the law, but homesteaders pushed Native Americans out of vast areas of the West. Today, homesteader is also used for anyone who lives in a self-sufficient way, especially if they grow their own food crops.