Other forms: heterodoxies
If your civics teacher were to teach that it's best if only the people with luxury cars vote in an election, that teacher would quickly be accused of heterodoxy for teaching something quite different from the accepted or correct view.
People are usually only accused of heterodoxy if they have influence or declare their views in an official capacity. But sometimes, if you have to subscribe to certain views in order to belong to an organization, your heterodoxy on any of those topics will be enough to keep you out whether you have any influence or not. Heterodoxy comes from the Greek word heterodoxia, from hetero-, meaning "different" or "other," and doxa, meaning "opinion."